Abstract: Ten (10) genes and seven (7) RNA probes are disclosed, the relative expressions of which, hold predictive value with regard to seizure-free surgical outcomes for epilepsy patients. Whole genome and targeted gene expression analyses demonstrate that (a) specific biological process pathways existing in brain tissue of patients with medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, and (b) temporal cortical gene expression, differ between patients rendered seizure-free compared to non-seizure-free patients following anterior temporal lobectomy with amygdalohippocampectomy (ATL/AH).