Abstract: A benthic lander can include a frame structure that comprises a plurality of frames, wherein each frame is formed with a central aperture, and a first plurality of coupling structures coupling adjacent frames of the plurality of frames. The benthic lander can also include at least one pressure vessel formed with an interior cavity comprising electronics disposed within the interior cavity. Each pressure vessel can be disposed within the central aperture of at least one frame of the plurality of frames such that the at least one frame holds the pressure vessel in place. A weight structure can be disposed underneath the frame structure, wherein the weight structure is removably coupled to the frame structure.

Abstract: A benthic microbial fuel cell comprising: a nonconductive frame having an upper end and a lower end; a plurality of anodes, wherein each anode is a conductive plate having a top section and a bottom edge; a plurality of conductive, threaded rods disposed perpendicularly to the anode plates and configured to secure the top sections of the anodes to the lower end of the frame and to hold the plates in a substantially parallel orientation with respect to each other such that none of the plates are in direct contact with each other; and a plurality of cathodes, wherein each cathode is made of carbon cloth connected to the upper end of the frame.

Abstract: A benthic microbial fuel cell comprising: a nonconductive frame having an upper end and a lower end; a plurality of anodes, wherein each anode is a conductive plate having a top section and a bottom edge; a plurality of conductive, threaded rods disposed perpendicularly to the anode plates and configured to secure the top sections of the anodes to the lower end of the frame and to hold the plates in a substantially parallel orientation with respect to each other such that none of the plates are in direct contact with each other; and a plurality of cathodes, wherein each cathode is made of carbon cloth connected to the upper end of the frame.