Abstract: An apparatus for mounting a bifold door panel, and allowing the panel to run on a track. The apparatus has a trolley that runs within the track and a vertical elongate member that is axially movable relative to the trolley. A hinge or hinge portion is mounted on the elongate member, and a first support is disposed between the trolley and the hinge or hinge portion. The first support functions to support the hinge or hinge portion against a compression force arising from the bifold door panel when the apparatus is mounted on a top region of the panel. A second support is disposed at or toward the terminus of the elongate member and distal to the trolley. The second support functions to support the hinge or hinge portion against a compression force arising from the bifold door panel mounted thereon when mounted on a bottom region of the panel.

Abstract: A capacitor may include a stack assembly. The stack assembly may include a plurality of anode plate members, each having an embedded wire. The anode plate members may be separated by at least one cathode foil sandwiched between separator sheets. A conducting member may electrically connect the embedded wires and may have an externally accessible end portion that is hermetically sealed from the interior of the capacitor. A case covers the stack assembly and may be attached to a cover. The case and cover may enclose the stack assembly within an interior area of the capacitor. The at least one cathode foil may be connected to the case. An electrolyte fluid may be disposed within the interior area of the capacitor. A passage may be provided through a central portion of the stack assembly. A tube, surrounded by insulation, may pass through the passage and may be connected to the cover and the case.

Abstract: Disclosed is a temperature measurement device (4) and method of using the same. The device (2) comprises a base portion (14), a plate (16), and a temperature sensor (22). The base portion (14) comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface and spaced apart from the first surface. The base portion (14) is more thermally insulating than the plate (16). The plate (16) comprises a first surface and a second opposite to the first surface. The plate (16) is disposed on the first surface of the base portion (14) such that the second surface of the plate (16) is in contact with the first surface of the base portion (14). The temperature sensor (22) is coupled to the first surface of the plate (16) such that the temperature sensor (22) measures a temperature of the first surface of the plate (16).

Abstract: A low profile wet electrolytic capacitor is disclosed. The low profile wet electrolytic capacitor includes an outer case assembly. The outer case assembly is formed by an outer case and outer case cover that is hermetically sealed to the outer case. The outer case assembly includes an interior area. A capacitive element is positioned in the interior area. The capacitive element is isolated from the outer case assembly by a plurality of insulative elements. A connecting tube is positioned perpendicular to and attached to the outer case and the outer case cover and passes through an opening in the capacitive element. An isolated positive lead is positioned on the outer case assembly and is in electrical communication with the capacitive element. A fluid electrolyte is contained in the interior area of the outer case assembly. A method of forming the capacitor and stacked capacitor assemblies is also provided.

Abstract: A capacitor may include a stack assembly. The stack assembly may include a plurality of anode plate members, each having an embedded wire. The anode plate members may be separated by at least one cathode foil sandwiched between separator sheets. A conducting member may electrically connect the embedded wires and may have an externally accessible end portion that is hermetically sealed from the interior of the capacitor. A case covers the stack assembly and may be attached to a cover. The case and cover may enclose the stack assembly within an interior area of the capacitor. The at least one cathode foil may be connected to the case. An electrolyte fluid may be disposed within the interior area of the capacitor. A passage may be provided through a central portion of the stack assembly. A tube, surrounded by insulation, may pass through the passage and may be connected to the cover and the case.

Abstract: A low profile wet electrolytic capacitor is disclosed. The low profile wet electrolytic capacitor includes an outer case assembly. The outer case assembly is formed by an outer case and outer case cover that is hermetically sealed to the outer case. The outer case assembly includes an interior area. A capacitive element is positioned in the interior area. The capacitive element is isolated from the outer case assembly by a plurality of insulative elements. A connecting tube is positioned perpendicular to and attached to the outer case and the outer case cover and passes through an opening in the capacitive element. An isolated positive lead is positioned on the outer case assembly and is in electrical communication with the capacitive element. A fluid electrolyte is contained in the interior area of the outer case assembly. A method of forming the capacitor and stacked capacitor assemblies is also provided.

Abstract: A turbine component includes a rail coolant directing chamber radially outward from an airfoil chamber and radially inward from a tip plate. The chamber includes an inlet fluidly coupled to the airfoil chamber to receive a coolant flow therefrom. A plurality of outlets from the rail coolant directing chamber direct the coolant flow to the at least one rail cooling passage in the rail. At least one directing wall is within the rail coolant directing chamber to direct the coolant flow towards one or more of the plurality of outlets located along at least one of the pressure side wall and an aft region of the suction side wall prior to other outlets.

Abstract: A turbine component includes a rail coolant directing chamber radially outward from an airfoil chamber and radially inward from a tip plate. The chamber includes an inlet fluidly coupled to the airfoil chamber to receive a coolant flow therefrom. A plurality of outlets from the rail coolant directing chamber direct the coolant flow to the at least one rail cooling passage in the rail. At least one directing wall is within the rail coolant directing chamber to direct the coolant flow towards one or more of the plurality of outlets located along at least one of the pressure side wall and an aft region of the suction side wall prior to other outlets.

Abstract: A low profile wet electrolytic capacitor is disclosed. The low profile wet electrolytic capacitor includes an outer case assembly. The outer case assembly is formed by an outer case and outer case cover that is hermetically sealed to the outer case. The outer case assembly includes an interior area. A capacitive element is positioned in the interior area. The capacitive element is isolated from the outer case assembly by a plurality of insulative elements. A connecting tube is positioned perpendicular to and attached to the outer case and the outer case cover and passes through an opening in the capacitive element. An isolated positive lead is positioned on the outer case assembly and is in electrical communication with the capacitive element. A fluid electrolyte is contained in the interior area of the outer case assembly. A method of forming the capacitor and stacked capacitor assemblies is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a temperature measurement device (4) and method of using the same. The device (2) comprises a base portion (14), a plate (16), and a temperature sensor (22). The base portion (14) comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface and spaced apart from the first surface. The base portion (14) is more thermally insulating than the plate (16). The plate (16) comprises a first surface and a second opposite to the first surface. The plate (16) is disposed on the first surface of the base portion (14) such that the second surface of the plate (16) is in contact with the first surface of the base portion (14). The temperature sensor (22) is coupled to the first surface of the plate (16) such that the temperature sensor (22) measures a temperature of the first surface of the plate (16).

Abstract: A low profile wet electrolytic capacitor is disclosed. The low profile wet electrolytic capacitor includes an outer case assembly. The outer case assembly is formed by an outer case and outer case cover that is hermetically sealed to the outer case. The outer case assembly includes an interior area. A capacitive element is positioned in the interior area. The capacitive element is isolated from the outer case assembly by a plurality of insulative elements. A connecting tube is positioned perpendicular to and attached to the outer case and the outer case cover and passes through an opening in the capacitive element. An isolated positive lead is positioned on the outer case assembly and is in electrical communication with the capacitive element. A fluid electrolyte is contained in the interior area of the outer case assembly. A method of forming the capacitor and stacked capacitor assemblies is also provided.

Abstract: A system and method for quantifying an anode leak location in a fuel cell system. The system and method include determining there is a leak in an anode sub-system of a fuel cell stack and estimating a first effective leak area using a first leak flow value and first operating parameters. The system and method also include increasing airflow to a cathode side of the fuel cell stack and estimating a second leak effective area using a second leak flow value and second operating parameters. The system and method further include comparing the first leak effective area to the second leak effective area and determining an anode outflow leak location based on the comparison between the first and second leak effective areas.

Abstract: A combined water drain and diluent gas purge valve routes fluid from the anode side of a fuel cell to the cathode inlet. When a purge of diluent gas is requested, the valve opens, draining any liquid present in the sump of a water separation device, for example. After the liquid has drained, the diluent gas is purged. An anode bleed model using fuel injector feedback can determine the amount of gas exiting the valve, and can request the valve to close once the required amount of diluent is purged. During operation, an amount of hydrogen may exit the valve. Hydrogen passing through the valve can be catalytically consumed once it reaches the cathode electrode, causing the cathode exhaust, and the fuel cell exhaust to have a reduced hydrogen content.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an injector in a fuel cell system. The method provides a variety of injector pulse widths for at least one predetermined duty cycle and determines an injector close time for each of the variety of injector pulse widths. The method also determines an error for the at least one predetermined duty cycle based on each of the provided injector pulse widths and uses the injector pulse width with the lowest error for the at least one predetermined duty cycle.

Abstract: A fuel cell system, including a plurality of bipolar plate assemblies, each assembly including a first plate and a second plate with an internal coolant flow path disposed therebetween, a flow path for a first reactant gas on a side of the first plate opposite the internal coolant flow path, and a flow path for a second reactant gas on a side of the second plate opposite the internal coolant flow path, and a cooling system configured to place coolant in thermal communication with the plurality of bipolar plate assemblies, wherein cycling pressure differentials between the internal coolant flow path and the external reactant gas flow paths cause expansion and contraction of a volume of coolant disposed within the bipolar plate assembly, thereby pumping coolant through the cooling system. A method of cooling a fuel cell-powered vehicle is also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides an arrangement and methods for thermally insulating aircraft, particularly but not exclusively for when the aircraft is operating in extremely hot or cold conditions, and describes an aircraft skin construction including a foam-stiffened CFC sandwich panel forming part of the aircraft outer skin mounted to an underlying load bearing aircraft structure, wherein the panel at the mounting to the structure includes two outer layers of CFC material with an inner layer of foam material sandwiched therebetween.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, and systems for estimating hydrogen concentration and/or pressure in an anode compartment of a fuel cell stack in a fuel cell vehicle. In some implementations, the estimates are based on a correlation between a transient dip in voltage in response to an anode to cathode bleed event and a concentration of hydrogen in the anode compartment of a fuel cell stack. Some implementations may comprise initiating a bleed event, sensing a transient dip in voltage in response to the bleed event, and using the correlation to calculate an estimate of a concentration and/or pressure of the gas in the anode compartment. The sensitivity of the correlation and hence the accuracy of estimation may change with the power level and may be accounted for in the correlation.

Abstract: A fuel cell system, including a plurality of bipolar plate assemblies, each assembly including a first plate and a second plate with an internal coolant flow path disposed therebetween, a flow path for a first reactant gas on a side of the first plate opposite the internal coolant flow path, and a flow path for a second reactant gas on a side of the second plate opposite the internal coolant flow path, and a cooling system configured to place coolant in thermal communication with the plurality of bipolar plate assemblies, wherein cycling pressure differentials between the internal coolant flow path and the external reactant gas flow paths cause expansion and contraction of a volume of coolant disposed within the bipolar plate assembly, thereby pumping coolant through the cooling system. A method of cooling a fuel cell-powered vehicle is also provided.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling hydrogen gas flow to an anode side of a fuel cell stack using a pressure regulator in the event that an injector that normally injects the hydrogen gas into the fuel cell stack has failed in a stuck open position. During normal operation, the control of the injector is determined based on the pressure of an anode sub-system and the position of the pressure regulator is determined based on a supply pressure between the pressure regulator and the injector. If it is determined that the injector is stuck in an open position, then the position of the pressure regulator is controlled to the anode pressure instead of the supply pressure. If the pressure regulator is an electrical pressure regulator, then it is pulsed to mimic normal system operation. Alternately, another valve, such as a shut-off valve, can be employed to provide the flow pulsing.

Abstract: A system and method for quantifying an anode leak location in a fuel cell system. The system and method include determining there is a leak in an anode sub-system of a fuel cell stack and estimating a first effective leak area using a first leak flow value and first operating parameters. The system and method also include increasing airflow to a cathode side of the fuel cell stack and estimating a second leak effective area using a second leak flow value and second operating parameters. The system and method further include comparing the first leak effective area to the second leak effective area and determining an anode outflow leak location based on the comparison between the first and second leak effective areas.