Abstract: A thermoelectric generator and methods of fabricating a thermoelectric generator are disclosed. An exemplary thermoelectric generator includes an upper electrode, a lower electrode, and a thermocouple disposed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode. The upper electrode, the lower electrode, and the thermocouple are configured to effect heat flux laterally through the thermocouple.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates, to optical lithography and more particularly relates to the fabrication of transparent or semitransparent phase shifting masks used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices. In particular, the present invention utilizes an internal etch stop layer and either a deposited substantially transparent layer, deposited partially transparent layer or deposited opaque thereon in an otherwise conventional photomask. The photomask of the present invention is used to make semiconductor devices or integrated circuits.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates, to optical lithography and more particularly relates to the fabrication of transparent or semitransparent phase shifting masks used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices. In particular, the present invention utilizes an internal etch stop layer and either a deposited substantially transparent layer, deposited partially transparent layer or deposited opaque thereon in an otherwise conventional photomask. The photomask of the present invention is used to make semiconductor devices or integrated circuits.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to improved photomask blanks used in photolithography for the manufacture of integrated circuits and other semiconductor devices, and more specifically, to the detection of defects in such photomasks after processing. In particular, the present invention is directed to a photomask blank having one or more intermediate layers made from materials having a higher extinction coefficient at the inspection tool wavelength than exposure tool wavelengths. The intermediate layer(s) are made from materials that absorb a sufficient amount of light to meet the optical requirements of inspection tools while at the same time transmit a sufficient amount of light to meet the optical requirements of exposure tools. As a result, the photomask improves inspection results of a photomask without sacrificing transmission properties during the semiconductor writing process.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to optical lithography and more particularly relates to the fabrication of transparent or semitransparent phase shifting masks used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices. In particular, the present invention utilizes an internal etch stop layer and either a deposited substantially transparent layer, deposited partially transparent layer or deposited opaque thereon in an otherwise conventional photomask. The photomask of the present invention is used to make semiconductor devices or integrated circuits.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to improved photomask blanks used in photolithography for the manufacture of integrated circuits and other semiconductor devices, and more specifically, to the detection of defects in such photomasks after processing. In particular, the present invention is directed to a photomask blank having one or more intermediate layers made from materials having a higher extinction coefficient at the inspection tool wavelength than exposure tool wavelengths. The intermediate layer(s) are made from materials that absorb a sufficient amount of light to meet the optical requirements of inspection tools while at the same time transmit a sufficient amount of light to meet the optical requirements of exposure tools. As a result, the photomask improves inspection results of a photomask without sacrificing transmission properties during the semiconductor writing process.