Abstract: Embodiments are directed towards methods of inducing caspase activity. The methods include contacting a cell with a treatment compound represented by the following Formula (I), where the treatment compound is a random copolymer, R1 is selected from hydrogen and a hydroxyl group, R2 is selected from hydrogen and a hydroxyl group, R1 is different than R2, and a sum of x and y is from 4 to 20,000.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed towards methods of inducing caspase activity. The methods include contacting a cell with a treatment compound formed by alkoxylation of an initiator using an oxide.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed towards methods of inducing caspase activity. The methods include contacting a cell with a treatment compound represented by the following Formula (I): where R1 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to about 16 carbon atoms; R2 is selected from a hydroxyl group, a tosylate group, an alkoxy group of the formula OR3 where R3 is selected from an alkyl group having from 1 to about 16 carbon atoms, or an ester group of the formula OCOR4, where R4 is an alkyl group having from 1 to about 16 carbon atoms, and n is from 4 to 46,000, with the proviso that when R1 is hydrogen and R2 is a hydroxy group the treatment compound has a number average molecular weight from 10,100 to 2,000,0000 g/mol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for creating two- and three-dimensional arrays. Plates of sample materials are stacked to create primary stacks. Primary stacks are sliced to form combs. Combs are stacked to form secondary stacks. Secondary stacks are sliced to form tertiary plates or two-dimensional arrays. Tertiary plates can be stacked to form three-dimensional arrays. The two- and three-dimensional arrays can be used in large-scale parallel processing of samples, pattern printing, tissue engineering, microfluidics, microelectronics, and microconstruction.