Abstract: The present invention provides a method of making an enantiomerically enriched tertiary or quaternary ammonium salt, and the use of a non-racemic chiral compound in the synthesis of an enantiomerically enriched tertiary or quaternary ammonium salt. The control of nitrogen-based chirality, achieved via the method of the invention, is useful where a specific tertiary or quaternary ammonium enantiomer is preferred over the other enantiomer, for example where a specific tertiary or quaternary ammonium enantiomer is more effective than the other enantiomer in treating a specific medical condition.

Abstract: A method of operating a wearable heads-up display that in use is worn on a head of a subject user includes projecting light to an eye of the subject user and detecting an ambient light condition in an environment of the wearable heads-up display by an ambient light sensor. The method includes measuring a pupil size of the eye of the subject user and determining a target luminous flux based on an output of the ambient light sensor and the pupil size. A current luminous flux of the light projected to the eye of the subject user is adjusted based on the target luminous flux.

Abstract: A method of operating a wearable heads-up display that in use is worn on a head of a subject user includes projecting light to an eye of the subject user and detecting an ambient light condition in an environment of the wearable heads-up display by an ambient light sensor. The method includes measuring a pupil size of the eye of the subject user and determining a target luminous flux based on an output of the ambient light sensor and the pupil size. A current luminous flux of the light projected to the eye of the subject user is adjusted based on the target luminous flux.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new carboxy-functional polyester and diester derivatives preparable by ring-opening reaction of (A) at least one anhydride of the formula (I) where R1?H, C1 to C24 alkyl, or C2 to C24 alkenyl with (B) at least one hydroxy-functional component, where (B1) the polyester derivatives are prepared using at least one linear hydroxy-functional polyester prepared using 7 to 95 mol %, based on the total amount of the monomers used in preparing the polyester (B1), of at least one difunctional monomer (b1) with aliphatic groups with 12 to 70 carbon atoms between the functional groups, and (B2) the diester derivatives are prepared using at least one dihydroxy-functional component which has an aliphatic group with 12 to 70 carbon atoms between the hydroxyl groups. The present invention further relates to aqueous compositions comprising at least one such polyester derivative and/or diester derivative, and water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new carboxy-functional polyester and diester derivatives preparable by ring-opening reaction of (A) at least one anhydride of the formula (I) where R1=H, C1 to C24 alkyl, or C2 to C24 alkenyl with (B) at least one hydroxy-functional component, where (B1) the polyester derivatives are prepared using at least one linear hydroxy-functional polyester prepared using 7 to 95 mol %, based on the total amount of the monomers used in preparing the polyester (B1), of at least one difunctional monomer (b1) with aliphatic groups with 12 to 70 carbon atoms between the functional groups, and (B2) the diester derivatives are prepared using at least one dihydroxy-functional component which has an aliphatic group with 12 to 70 carbon atoms between the hydroxyl groups. The present invention further relates to aqueous compositions comprising at least one such polyester derivative and/or diester derivative, and water.

Abstract: A method is provided for using ?2? subunit calcium channel modulators or other compounds that interact with the ?2? calcium channel subunit in combination with one or more compounds with smooth muscle modulatory effects to treat and/or alleviate the symptoms associated with painful and non-painful lower urinary tract disorders in normal and spinal cord injured patients. According to the present invention, ?2? subunit calcium channel modulators include GABA analogs (e.g. gabapentin and pregabalin), fused bicyclic or tricyclic amino acid analogs of gabapentin, and amino acid compounds. Compounds with smooth muscle modulatory effects include antimuscarinics, ?3 adrenergic agonists, spasmolytics, neurokinin receptor antagonists, bradykinin receptor antagonists, and nitric oxide donors.

Abstract: A server device, and related systems and methods for managing dialysis patient information. The patient information includes information relating to stages of data collection including baseline characteristics, eligibility for treatment modalities, and outcomes. A remote terminal is configured for displaying in the remote terminal a first user interface for receiving the patient information for the subject patient. The server is configured to receive from the remote terminal the patient information for the subject patient and store said patient information in a patient record in the memory, and determine, based on medical logic rules, whether the patient information is consistent with the patient record in order to proceed to a next stage of data collection, and if so permitting displaying in the remote terminal a second user interface for receiving patient information relating to the next stage of data collection.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of using Cav2.2 subunit calcium channel modulators to treat painful and non-painful lower urinary tract disorders and the related genitourinary tract disorders vulvodynia and vulvar vestibulitis in normal and spinal cord injured patients.

Abstract: A method is provided for using ?2? subunit calcium channel modulators or other compounds that interact with the ?2? calcium channel subunit in combination with one or more compounds with smooth muscle modulatory effects to treat and/or alleviate the symptoms associated with painful and non-painful lower urinary tract disorders in normal and spinal cord injured patients. According to the present invention, ?2? subunit calcium channel modulators include GABA analogs (e.g. gabapentin and pregabalin), fused bicyclic or tricyclic amino acid analogs of gabapentin, and amino acid compounds. Compounds with smooth muscle modulatory effects include antimuscarinics, ?3 adrenergic agonists, spasmolytics, neurokinin receptor antagonists, bradykinin receptor antagonists, and nitric oxide donors.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of using Cav2.2 subunit calcium channel modulators, particularly thiazolidinone, oxazolidinone, and imidazolone derivatives, to treat lower urinary tract and related disorders.

Abstract: A method is provided for using Cav2.2 subunit calcium channel modulators to treat non-inflammatory gastrointestinal tract disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of using Cav2.2 subunit calcium channel modulators to treat painful and non-painful lower urinary tract disorders and the related genitourinary tract disorders vulvodynia and vulvar vestibulitis in normal and spinal cord injured patients.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of using sodium channel modulators, particularly TTX-R sodium channel modulators and/or activity dependent sodium channel modulators to treat a gastrointestinal tract disorders, particularly inflammatory bowel disorders and irritable bowel syndrome.

Abstract: A vehicle cooling package has a fan shroud mounted to a heat exchanger assembly. A diverter plate is mounted adjacent to the shroud and spaced therefrom with a fan interposed therebetween. A diverting surface of the shroud and the diverter plate are angled from the axis of the fan when the shroud and plate are assembled to the vehicle. A vehicle hood has upper and side surfaces each having air discharge apertures corresponding with the space between the diverting surface and the diverter plate when the hood is closed. The diverting surface and the diverter plate both extend fully to the hood assembly when the hood is closed. The angles of the diverting surface and the diverter plate closely match a natural discharge angle of the fan, so that air is discharged from the fan at a high velocity from under the hood through the air discharge apertures.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of using sodium channel modulators, particularly TTX-R sodium channel modulators and/or activity dependent sodium channel modulators to treat gastrointestinal tract disorders, particularly inflammatory bowel disorders and irritable bowel syndrome.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of using sodium channel modulators, particularly TTX-R sodium channel modulators and/or activity dependent sodium channel modulators to treat painful and non-painful lower urinary tract disorders, particularly painful and non-painful overactive bladder with and/or without loss of urine.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of using Cav2.2 subunit calcium channel modulators to treat painful and non-painfull lower urinary tract disorders and the related genitourinary tract disorders vulvodynia and vulvar vestibulitis in normal and spinal cord injured patients.

Abstract: A method is provided for using &agr;2&dgr; subunit calcium channel modulators or other compounds that interact with the &agr;2&dgr; calcium channel subunit in combination with one or more compounds with smooth muscle modulatory effects to treat and/or alleviate the symptoms associated with painful and non-painful lower urinary tract disorders in normal and spinal cord injured patients. According to the present invention, &agr;2&dgr; subunit calcium channel modulators include GABA analogs (e.g. gabapentin and pregabalin), fused bicyclic or tricyclic amino acid analogs of gabapentin, and amino acid compounds. Compounds with smooth muscle modulatory effects include antimuscarinics, &bgr;3 adrenergic agonists, spasmolytics, neurokinin receptor antagonists, bradykinin receptor antagonists, and nitric oxide donors.

Abstract: A method is provided for treatment of non-painful bladder disorders, particularly non-painful overactive bladder without loss of urine. The method comprises administration of an &agr;2&dgr; subunit calcium channel modulator, including gabapentin, pregabalin, GABA analogs, fused bicyclic or tricyclic amino acid analogs of gabapentin, amino acid compounds, and other compounds that interact with the &agr;2&dgr; calcium channel subunit.

Abstract: A method for optimizing pharmaceutical prescribing is disclosed. In accordance with the principles of the invention, a medical practitioner is alerted to current information regarding up-to-date and cost-effective alternatives to a medical prescription. A proposed prescription is compared to a database of prescriptions and possible alternative prescriptions which could be efficacious. If there is a suitable alternative or alternatives corresponding to the prescription, it is shown to the practitioner. The practitioner may then choose between his proposed prescription and the alternative or alternatives presented to him. The practitioner may then enter either the proposed or an alternative prescription into a system adapted to process and print out prescriptions.