Abstract: The present invention in one form provides apparatus for conducting a wagering process including a number of playing dice, a playfield adapted for use of the dice, the playfield including a wagering layout having indicia representing a number of different final game results, and retaining means for retaining selected dice according to the outcome of a first cast of the dice matching one or more first criteria and, for any remaining dice after the first cast, retaining further selected dice according to the outcome of the first cast of the dice together with the outcome of one or more successive casts of the remaining dice matching one or more successive criteria, respectively.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method and apparatus for wagering on games that involve the use of playing chips or tokens for wagering. In one form, the present application provides an apparatus for wagering on a game having predetermined rules adapted for at least one or more players to participate by wagering on game outcome events including a playfield having a gaming layout adapted for placement of game elements and a wagering layout adapted for accepting placement of at least one wager. The wagering layout including at least one indicium for accepting placement of an apportioned wager and at least one wagering token. One or a combination of the at least one wagering token and the at least one indicium of the wagering layout provides a single wager that has its value apportioned to a number of outcome events.

Abstract: An offset correction circuit removes DC offset from an analog audio output signal by comparing transitions of digital audio values to which the analog output signal is related to the output of a monitor that monitors the analog output signal. The monitor may be a zero-crossing detector and the transitions of the digital signal that are compared may be transitions of the most-significant bit (MSB) of the digital audio values. A filtering algorithm or filter circuit may be used to average a result of the comparison of the transitions, so that the offset is slowly and accurately removed. A chopped or autozero comparator may be used to further reduce error in the offset determination.

Abstract: A modulated gain audio control and zipper noise suppression techniques provide reduction in audible artifacts caused by discrete-valued gain changes. The gain of a signal is controlled by modulating between multiple gain values for corresponding time durations, so that a resulting average gain is controlled according to the average of the multiple gain values as weighted by their corresponding time durations. The modulation frequency is above the bandwidth of the signal. Transitions between gain levels are performed by changing the relative proportion of the durations to slowly change the gain according to a transition profile, which may be linear or non-linear. The modulation employed may be pulse-width modulation, or another modulation pattern such as a delta-sigma modulation pattern.

Abstract: A discrete time delta-sigma modulator circuit, which may be used to implement an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) provides improved anti-aliasing performance when lower quantization rates are selected, by maintaining the clocking rate of a first stage in the delta-sigma modulator loop filter at a rate higher than would ordinarily be selected for a lower quantization rate. To accomplish the anti-aliasing improvement, the ratio between the quantization rate and the clocking rate of the first integrator is reduced at the lower quantization rate, resulting in a first true alias image at a multiple of the quantization rate, permitting anti-aliasing filters to more effectively attenuate the alias image, and attenuating the images spaced at the quantization rate via the averaging operation of the first integrator.

Abstract: A modulated amplifier output enable control eliminates audible pops when enabling and disabling an audio amplifier output stage. The output of the audio amplifier is transitioned between an enabled state and a disabled state using a modulated control signal that enables and disables the output of the audio amplifier. Durations of the enabled state vs. the disabled state of the amplifier are adjusted to cause a transition between a fully disabled state and a fully enabled state of the audio amplifier so that the transition between the disabled state and the enabled state of the amplifier output is inaudible.