Abstract: A method of payment using a client device is disclosed. The payment can be made through a payment method service that can control the payment flow and options available to the user of a client device. Using the payment method service, new payment options with new data schemas and/or new process flows can be used by the client device, but without any need to update software stored on the client device. The payment method service can utilize the look and feel of the client device, such that the user views payment options in the native UI of the client device.

Abstract: A simplified notification scheme that looks at past behavior of accepting or rejecting messages and modifies whether and/or how future similar notifications are displayed. For example, if a user consistently ignores or rejects a pop-up notification, the system can modify whether or not such a pop-up notification is displayed again. In one specific embodiment, a wireless network can be detected by a mobile phone. The phone can determine whether or not a pop-up notification related to the wireless-network detection should be displayed based on past behavior of the user.

Abstract: A digital compensation of an input stage of a comparator may be achieved by providing switched load elements, which may be appropriately connected to the differential input pair of the comparator in order to match transistor characteristics of the input pair and also match the load value of the input stage. Thus, enhanced offset behavior may be accomplished without providing an external signal and/or without requiring complex reference voltages/currents.

Abstract: A wireless computer system (30) is formed to have a host section (31) and a wireless hardware section (40). A first portion of a transmission frame is formed in system memory (36) of a host section (31) and a second portion of the transmission frame is formed in the wireless hardware section (40). The wireless hardware section (40) begins transmitting the first transmission frame portion while downloading the second transmission frame portion from the system memory (36) into the wireless hardware section (40).

Abstract: A method of performing encrypted WLAN communication is provided that comprises the steps of performing a connection set-up for the encrypted WLAN communication and performing data frame encapsulation and/or decapsulation during the encrypted WLAN communication. The connection set-up is performed by executing software-implemented instructions, and the data frame encapsulation and/or decapsulation is performed by operating single-purpose hardware. In embodiments, corresponding single-purpose hardware devices, integrated circuit chips, computer program products and computer systems are provided. The embodiments may provide an improved hardware/software architecture for 802.11i security enhancement.

Abstract: In an analog circuit portion, a systematic mismatch between a plurality of circuit elements may be reduced in view of a technology gradient by appropriately positioning the unit devices of the circuit elements so as to obtain a similar response of the circuit elements with respect to the gradient. For example, the spatial relationship of adjacent unit devices belonging to the same circuit element along an arbitrary lateral direction may be the same as the spatial relationship of adjacent unit devices of another circuit element.

Abstract: A digital compensation of an input stage of a comparator may be achieved by providing switched load elements, which may be appropriately connected to the differential input pair of the comparator in order to match transistor characteristics of the input pair and also match the load value of the input stage. Thus, enhanced offset behavior may be accomplished without providing an external signal and/or without requiring complex reference voltages/currents.

Abstract: In a memory area having portions of predictable access frequency, such as in a memory area of a real time clock unit, a synchronous design may be implemented by associating storage cells of identical access frequency with a clock gating mechanism, thereby reducing power consumption. Hence, the synchronous design of the real time clock unit may provide reduced implementation effort and enhanced verification capability.

Abstract: A selective stress memorization technique is disclosed in which the creation of tensile strain may be accomplished without additional photolithography steps by using an implantation mask or any other mask required during a standard manufacturing flow, or by providing a patterned cap layer for a strained re-crystallization of respective drain and source areas. In still other aspects, additional anneal steps may be used for selectively creating a crystalline state and a non-crystalline state prior to the re-crystallization on the basis of a cap layer. Thus, enhanced strain may be obtained in one type of transistor while not substantially negatively affecting the other type of transistor without requiring additional photolithography steps.

Abstract: A communication device for performing cryptographically secured communication in a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) network is provided that comprises a security enhancement unit and a MAC (Medium Access Control) unit. The security enhancement unit is for encrypting plaintext data frames into encrypted data frames and/or decrypting encrypted data frames into plaintext data frames. The MAC unit is for managing communication between communication devices within the WLAN network by coordinating access to a shared wireless communication medium through which communication signals are transmitted. The security enhancement unit and the MAC unit are adapted to perform an on-the-fly encryption process and/or on-the-fly decryption process thereby exchanging the encrypted data frames without buffering the encrypted data frames after encryption or prior to decryption, respectively.

Abstract: A system and methods for server based control of ad placement in client software wherein a server controls the area in which advertisements appear in the client software application. A user interface associated with the client software area reclaims an area where the advertisement was displayed after the advertisement is disabled. Different types or classes of advertisements may be displayed within a single area in user interface of the application.

Abstract: A simplified transaction data management system using automatic calculation with multiple editable fields is provided. The system enables a user to manage transactions with a simplified interface, with multiple editable fields and automatic calculation of other fields based on mathematical relations with inputs that are received in any of the other editable fields. For example, either net amounts subject to a tax or gross amounts including the tax may be entered for a transaction, and the other value is automatically computed and displayed. Either value may subsequently be re-entered, and the other value may again automatically be computed and displayed, replacing the earlier input and output.

Abstract: A memory access technique is provided that may be used in WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) communication devices. An on-chip memory has multiple memory circuits forming individually addressable memory segments. An arbitration unit arbitrates between multiple requesters, each requesting access to the on-chip memory. The requesters are on-chip circuits and/or external devices. The arbitration unit determines a memory circuit to be accessed for each request that is received from a requester. The determination may be based on a software configurable arbitration scheme. The memory segments may form a bank of single-port SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) devices.

Abstract: A wireless computer system (30) is formed to have a host section (31) and a wireless hardware section (40). A first portion of a transmission frame is formed in system memory (36) of a host section (31) and a second portion of the transmission frame is formed in the wireless hardware section (40). The wireless hardware section (40) begins transmitting the first transmission frame portion while downloading the second transmission frame portion from the system memory (36) into the wireless hardware section (40).

Abstract: A wireless computer system (30) is formed to have a host section (31) and a wireless hardware section (40). A first portion of a transmission frame is formed in system memory (36) of a host section (31) and a second portion of the transmission frame is formed in the wireless hardware section (40). The wireless hardware section (40) begins transmitting the first transmission frame portion while downloading the second transmission frame portion from the system memory (36) into the wireless hardware section (40).

Abstract: A memory access technique is provided that may be used in WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) communication devices. An on-chip memory has multiple memory circuits forming individually addressable memory segments. An arbitration unit arbitrates between multiple requesters, each requesting access to the on-chip memory. The requesters are on-chip circuits and/or external devices. The arbitration unit determines a memory circuit to be accessed for each request that is received from a requester. The determination may be based on a software configurable arbitration scheme. The memory segments may form a bank of single-port SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) devices.

Abstract: A WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) communication device and method are provided where a MAC (Medium Access Control) control unit controls access to a wireless medium. The MAC control unit is capable of selectively applying any one of at least two different control mechanisms to data to be transmitted. The data received from a target system comprises data frames, each having associated an individual control header comprising control information. The control information specifies at least one control mechanism to be applied to data of the associated data frame. The MAC control unit extracts control information from each control header associated to a data frame, and selects a control mechanism specified by the extracted control information.

Abstract: A communication device for performing cryptographically secured communication in a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) network is provided that comprises a security enhancement unit and a MAC (Medium Access Control) unit. The security enhancement unit is for encrypting plaintext data frames into encrypted data frames and/or decrypting encrypted data frames into plaintext data frames. The MAC unit is for managing communication between communication devices within the WLAN network by coordinating access to a shared wireless communication medium through which communication signals are transmitted. The security enhancement unit and the MAC unit are adapted to perform an on-the-fly encryption process and/or on-the-fly decryption process thereby exchanging the encrypted data frames without buffering the encrypted data frames after encryption or prior to decryption, respectively.

Abstract: A method of performing encrypted WLAN communication is provided that comprises the steps of performing a connection set-up for the encrypted WLAN communication and performing data frame encapsulation and/or decapsulation during the encrypted WLAN communication. The connection set-up is performed by executing software-implemented instructions, and the data frame encapsulation and/or decapsulation is performed by operating single-purpose hardware. In embodiments, corresponding single-purpose hardware devices, integrated circuit chips, computer program products and computer systems are provided. The embodiments may provide an improved hardware/software architecture for 802.11i security enhancement.