Abstract: Embodiments provide an apparatus including at least one of at least one transmission line or a phase shifting device. Further, the apparatus includes a measurement device operable to couple to a signal source via the at least transmission line to receive from the signal source a first signal comprising at least a first frequency. The measurement device is operable to output a measurement result based on the received first signal. The at least one transmission line and the phase shifting device are operable to induce a respective phase shift to the first signal. Also, the apparatus includes a measurement processing component operable to average a first measurement result and a second measurement result to generate a processed measurement result related to the first signal to mitigate an influence of a mismatch loss in a measurement setup environment.

Abstract: A system, a method and a computer program for planning the operation of a plurality of lighting means are described. For example in a department store, a number of different types of lighting means, e.g. filament lamps, discharge lamps and fluorescent tube lamps, may be installed. All of these lighting means have a certain life time and eventually need to be replaced. The system, method and computer program according to the invention automatically determine a change schedule with maintenance events for changing the lighting means, which leads to overall minimum cost in a specified time interval. The user enters a plurality of parameters for each groups of lighting means, including the number of lighting means in the group, type, price and/or value for a lifetime and operating time of the lighting means, as well as a first outlay parameter for preparation outlay and a second outlay parameter for changing outlay.