Abstract: A system and method of pre-purification of a feed gas stream is provided that is particularly suitable for pre-purification of a feed air stream in cryogenic air separation unit. The disclosed pre-purification systems and methods are configured to remove substantially all of the hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water, and carbon dioxide impurities from a feed air stream and is particularly suitable for use in a high purity or ultra-high purity nitrogen plant. The pre-purification systems and methods preferably employ two or more separate layers of hopcalite catalyst with the successive layers of the hopcalite separated by a zeolite adsorbent layer that removes water and carbon dioxide produced in the hopcalite layers. Alternatively, the pre-purification systems and methods employ a hopcalite catalyst layer and a noble metal catalyst layer separated by a zeolite adsorbent layer that removes water and carbon dioxide produced in the hopcalite layer.

Abstract: A system and method of pre-purification of a feed gas stream is provided that is particularly suitable for pre-purification of a feed air stream in cryogenic air separation unit. The disclosed pre-purification systems and methods are configured to remove substantially all of the hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water, and carbon dioxide impurities from a feed air stream and is particularly suitable for use in a high purity or ultra-high purity nitrogen plant. The pre-purification systems and methods preferably employ two or more separate layers of hopcalite catalyst with the successive layers of the hopcalite separated by a zeolite adsorbent layer that removes water and carbon dioxide produced in the hopcalite layers.

Abstract: A system and method of pre-purification of a feed gas stream is provided that is particularly suitable for pre-purification of a feed air stream in cryogenic air separation unit. The disclosed pre-purification systems and methods are configured to remove substantially all of the hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water, and carbon dioxide impurities from a feed air stream and is particularly suitable for use in a high purity or ultra-high purity nitrogen plant. The pre-purification systems and methods preferably employ two or more separate layers of hopcalite catalyst with the successive layers of the hopcalite separated by a zeolite adsorbent layer that removes water and carbon dioxide produced in the hopcalite layers. The separate layers of hopcalite catalyst preferably have different volumes and/or different average particle sizes of the hopcalite materials.

Abstract: A system and method of pre-purification of a feed gas stream is provided that is particularly suitable for pre-purification of a feed air stream in cryogenic air separation unit. The disclosed pre-purification systems and methods are configured to remove substantially all of the hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water, and carbon dioxide impurities from a feed air stream and is particularly suitable for use in a high purity or ultra-high purity nitrogen plant. The pre-purification systems and methods preferably employ two or more separate layers of hopcalite catalyst with the successive layers of the hopcalite separated by a zeolite adsorbent layer that removes water and carbon dioxide produced in the hopcalite layers.

Abstract: A process for removal of unwanted components from a feed gas mixture, wherein a temperature swing adsorption unit comprising at least two adsorption vessels is used, the method comprising cyclically operating the temperature swing adsorption unit in successive operation modes in each of which a different one of the at least two adsorption vessels is operated in an adsorption mode while a further one of the at least two adsorption vessels previously operated in the adsorption mode is operated in a regeneration mode, the adsorption mode comprising forming an adsorption gas stream using a part of the feed gas mixture and passing the adsorption gas stream through the adsorption vessel operated in the adsorption mode, and the regeneration mode comprising passing a regeneration gas stream through the adsorption vessel operated in the regeneration mode, thereby forming the purified gas mixture.

Abstract: A system and method of pre-purification of a feed gas stream is provided that is particularly suitable for pre-purification of a feed air stream in cryogenic air separation unit. The disclosed pre-purification systems and methods are configured to remove substantially all of the hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water, and carbon dioxide impurities from a feed air stream and is particularly suitable for use in a high purity or ultra-high purity nitrogen plant. The pre-purification systems and methods preferably employ two or more separate layers of hopcalite catalyst with the successive layers of the hopcalite separated by a zeolite adsorbent layer that removes water and carbon dioxide produced in the hopcalite layers.

Abstract: A system and method of pre-purification of a feed gas stream is provided that is particularly suitable for pre-purification of a feed air stream in cryogenic air separation unit. The disclosed pre-purification systems and methods are configured to remove substantially all of the hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water, and carbon dioxide impurities from a feed air stream and is particularly suitable for use in a high purity or ultra-high purity nitrogen plant. The pre-purification systems and methods preferably employ two or more separate layers of hopcalite catalyst with the successive layers of the hopcalite separated by a zeolite adsorbent layer that removes water and carbon dioxide produced in the hopcalite layers.

Abstract: A system and method of pre-purification of a feed gas stream is provided that is particularly suitable for pre-purification of a feed air stream in cryogenic air separation unit. The disclosed pre-purification systems and methods are configured to remove substantially all of the hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water, and carbon dioxide impurities from a feed air stream and is particularly suitable for use in a high purity or ultra-high purity nitrogen plant. The pre-purification systems and methods preferably employ two or more separate layers of hopcalite catalyst with the successive layers of the hopcalite separated by a zeolite adsorbent layer that removes water and carbon dioxide produced in the hopcalite layers.

Abstract: A process for producing an adsorption unit is disclosed, wherein an adsorber bed of the adsorption unit is filled with a bed of an adsorbent which is selected from a multitude of adsorbents by a test method, wherein, in the test method, a particle of each adsorbent is repeatedly laden with a sorbate and regenerated again, which converts the particle to an aged particle, and a fracture property B of the aged particle of each adsorbent is determined, wherein the adsorbent for the bed is selected depending on the fracture property B determined from the multitude of adsorbents.

Abstract: The method serves for producing a horizontal through flow adsorber with two adsorbents which contains two immediately adjacent packings in a horizontal or vertical container. Between the two packings there is a vertical interface. In a step (a) a vertical dividing wall is positioned on the bottom of the adsorption bed and then on each side of the dividing wall one of the two adsorbents is charged up to a first height that does not exceed the upper edge of the separating ring. In the following step (b) the vertical dividing wall is displaced upwardly until the lower edge thereof is still placed in the existing packing. Then, on each side of the dividing wall one of the two adsorbents is charged up to a second height that does not exceed the upper edge of the displaced dividing wall. Finally, step (b) is repeated until a predetermined filling height is achieved. According to the invention, the vertical dividing wall is composed of at least three dividing wall modules (6.

Abstract: A process for producing an adsorption unit is disclosed, wherein an adsorber bed of the adsorption unit is filled with a bed of an adsorbent which is selected from a multitude of adsorbents by a test method, wherein, in the test method, a particle of each adsorbent is repeatedly laden with a sorbate and regenerated again, which converts the particle to an aged particle, and a fracture property B of the aged particle of each adsorbent is determined, wherein the adsorbent for the bed is selected depending on the fracture property B determined from the multitude of adsorbents.

Abstract: Adsorptive decomposition of a gas mixture is performed by vacuum pressure swing adsorption. The gas mixture is condensed to the adsorption pressure by means of at least one condenser prior to being fed into the vacuum pressure swing adsorption process. Regeneration of the adsorber(s) is carried out by means of at least one vacuum pump. The condensed gas mixture (1, 5, 6) is at least periodically and/or at least partially temporarily stored (S1) and/or fed to a consumer at those times when no gas mixture is being fed to the vacuum pressure swing adsorption process; and/or at least one of the vacuum pumps (P) that is not required for the regeneration is used at least occasionally for another application at those times when no regeneration of the adsorber or an adsorber (A, A?) is being carried out.

Abstract: An arrangement for generating oxygen in a facility is described, which arrangement has at least one unit for generating medical air (V, R), a vacuum system (VS), and a PSA unit (A), which serves to generate an oxygen product stream. According to the invention, the PSA unit (A) and the vacuum system (VS) are interconnected in such a way that the adsorber or adsorbers of the PSA unit (A) can be regenerated by means of the vacuum system (VS), and/or the unit for generating medical air (V, R) is connected to the PSA unit (A) in such a way that at least a subsidiary stream (2) of the generated medical air is delivered as feed gas to the PSA unit (A).

Abstract: Adsorptive decomposition of a gas mixture is performed by vacuum pressure swing adsorption. The gas mixture is condensed to the adsorption pressure by means of at least one condenser prior to being fed into the vacuum pressure swing adsorption process. Regeneration of the adsorber(s) is carried out by means of at least one vacuum pump. The condensed gas mixture (1, 5, 6) is at least periodically and/or at least partially temporarily stored (S1) and/or fed to a consumer at those times when no gas mixture is being fed to the vacuum pressure swing adsorption process; and/or at least one of the vacuum pumps (P) that is not required for the regeneration is used at least occasionally for another application at those times when no regeneration of the adsorber or an adsorber (A, A?) is being carried out.

Abstract: An arrangement for generating oxygen in a facility is described, which arrangement has at least one unit for generating medical air (V, R), a vacuum system (VS), and a PSA unit (A), which serves to generate an oxygen product stream. According to the invention, the PSA unit (A) and the vacuum system (VS) are interconnected in such a way that the adsorber or adsorbers of the PSA unit (A) can be regenerated by means of the vacuum system (VS), and/or the unit for generating medical air (V, R) is connected to the PSA unit (A) in such a way that at least a subsidiary stream (2) of the generated medical air is delivered as feed gas to the PSA unit (A).

Abstract: A reactor for chemical reactions and/or adsorptive separation processes comprise having a jacket (1); a central hollow column (2,2?); two essentially annular beds (6, 6?, 7, 7?, 7?) comprise an outer bed (6, 6?) consisting essentially of a chemically and/or adsorptively active material (active bed) and an inner bed (7, 7?, 7?) consisting of a material that is inert with respect to the chemical reaction that is to be carried out in the reactor (inert bed); the beds (6, 6?, 7, 7?, 7?) being separated from one another by preferably a gas-permeable and/or liquid-permeable barrier or wall; a gas feed and gas exhaust area (4) between the jacket (1) and the active bed (6, 6?) and a gas feed and gas exhaust area associated with the central column (2, 2?). The inert bed (7, 7?, 7?) at least partially and preferably completely fills a space between the central column (2, 2?) and the active bed (6, 6?).