Abstract: A measuring arrangement having a first dual conductor field device with a first sensor and a first dual conductor interface for the power supply of the first dual conductor field device and for the transmission of data from the dual conductor field device to a superordinate unit, wherein the first dual conductor field device has at least one second dual conductor interface suitably designed to receive data from at least one second dual conductor field device.

Abstract: A method for signal diagnosis, in particular for noise detection, of a radiometric sensor, that includes detecting of a first pulse rate by way of a first discriminator and a first counting circuit, detecting of at least a second pulse rate by way of a second discriminator and a second counting circuit, wherein the amplitude sensitivity of the first discriminator is different from the amplitude sensitivity of the second discriminator, determining a ratio between the detected pulse rate of the second discriminator and the detected pulse rate of the first discriminator , and comparing the determined ratio with an expected value.

Abstract: A two-conductor field device, comprising a measuring transducer for capturing a measurement variable, an electronic unit for processing the measurement data and a two-conductor interface for supplying power to the two-conductor field device and for communicating with a superordinate unit, characterized in that the two-conductor field device has a display unit for signaling a state of the two-conductor field device, which display unit can be visually read remotely.

Abstract: A radiometric measurement device is provided, including at least one at least partially bent source receiving tube configured to receive a radiation source; and at least one transmission tube configured to provide a guiding path within the transmission tube for at least a portion of radiation emitted by the radiation source, the source receiving tube and the transmission tube being arranged with respect to each other such that at least a portion of the radiation emitted by the radiation source is guidable in a straight line through a material disposable between the radiation source and a distal end of the transmission tube and the guide path, and the source receiving tube and the transmission tube being arranged adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A measuring arrangement having a first dual conductor field device with a first sensor and a first dual conductor interface for the power supply of the first dual conductor field device and for the transmission of data from the dual conductor field device to a superordinate unit, wherein the first dual conductor field device has at least one second dual conductor interface suitably designed to receive data from at least one second dual conductor field device.

Abstract: A radiometric measurement device is provided, including at least one at least partially bent source receiving tube configured to receive a radiation source; and at least one transmission tube configured to provide a guiding path within the transmission tube for at least a portion of radiation emitted by the radiation source, the source receiving tube and the transmission tube being arranged with respect to each other such that at least a portion of the radiation emitted by the radiation source is guidable in a straight line through a material disposable between the radiation source and a distal end of the transmission tube and the guide path, and the source receiving tube and the transmission tube being arranged adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A method for compensating a measurement deviation of a first scintillator and/or a photodetector of a radiometric fill level measuring device is provided, including detecting, by a second scintillator, radioactive emissions from the second scintillator; transmitting, in response to radioactive emissions, a first light signal from the first scintillator and a second light signal from the second scintillator, the first light signal being different from the second light signal; receiving, by the photodetector, the first light signal from the first scintillator and the second light signal from the second scintillator, and converting the light signals into electrical signals; comparing the electrical signals with deposited reference signals by means of a comparator; and adjusting the gain of the photodetector in response to comparing the electrical signals and stored reference signals.

Abstract: A radiometric fill level measurement device includes a scintillator arrangement and two photon counters. The measurement signals generated by the two photon counters can be compared with one another, thus increasing the measurement accuracy and the stability of the measurement signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for generating and imprinting a retrievable cryptographic key during the fabrication of a topographic structure, in particular for microelectronic or micromechanical components. In the method a multiplicity of measuring circuits (11) is generated in the topographic structure, which measuring circuits each dependent on a value of at least one electrical or physical property in the topographic structure, which is subject to random fluctuations during the fabrication of the topographic structure containing the measuring circuits (11), generate a measuring value. The cryptographic key is formed or derived from the measuring values of the measuring circuits (11). The measuring circuits (11) are composed of three-dimensional electrical line structures (9, 10), each of which is provided with a random design and is generated in the topographic structure, and generate the measuring values dependent on the value of a parasitic electrical property of the line structures (9, 10).