Abstract: Catalysts or carriers which consist essentially of monoclinic zirconium dioxide are prepared by pecipitation of zirconium salts with ammonia, by adding a zirconyl nitrate or zirconyl chloride solution to an aqueous ammonia solution at a decreasing pH from 14 to 6 and drying, calcining and pelletizing the product.

Abstract: Catalysts or carriers which consist essentially of monoclinic zirconium dioxide are prepared by pecipitation of zirconium salts with ammonia, by adding a zirconyl nitrate or zirconyl chloride solution to an aqueous ammonia solution at a decreasing pH from 14 to 6 and drying, calcining and pelletizing the product.

Abstract: Alcohols are prepared by the catalytic hydrogenation of the corresponding carbonyl compounds at elevated temperatures and at superatmospheric pressure in the liquid phase by a process in which the catalyst used contains copper on an SiO2-containing carrier in the presence or absence of one or more of the elements magnesium, barium, zinc and chromium.

Abstract: Catalysts prepared by combining M--Al.sub.2 O.sub.4 where M is an element of Group Ib, VIIb or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements with tin, lead, an element of group IIa or IIb of the Periodic Table of the Elements as oxide or salt or in elemental form and calcining at 300-1300.degree. C. under 0.1-200 bar and the process for preparing them.

Abstract: Preparation of heterocyclic aldehydes I ##STR1## (A, B=optionally substituted methylene groups; m, n=1 to 5; m+n>2), by hydrogenation of carboxylic acids IIa ##STR2## or one of their esters IIb derived from a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alcohol, at a temperature of from 200.degree. to 450.degree. C. over a catalyst.The end products are suitable as intermediates for herbicides of the cyclohexanone class.

Abstract: Aromatic aldehydes are prepared by catalytically reacting aromatic carboxylic acids or their esters with hydrogen in the gas phase at from 200.degree. to 450.degree. C. and from 0.1 to 20 bar in the presence of a zirconium dioxide/lanthanide catalyst having a high BET surface area of from 20 to 150 m.sup.2 /g, preferably from 40 to 150 m.sup.2 /g. The proportions by weight of the catalytically active mass range from 80 to 99.9% by weight of zirconium dioxide and from 0.01 to 20 %by weight of one or more lanthanide elements. This catalyst provides very high conversion rates of 94 to 100% together with a correspondingly high selectivity for the aldehyde product.

Abstract: Moldings which comprise from 30 to 100% by weight of graphite, prepared from graphite powders which comprise from 5 to 100% by weight of rhombohedral crystalline graphite and, if required, contain additives and/or binders, and a process for their preparation and their use as catalyst carriers, heat transfer material, column packing or diluent in catalyst beds.

Abstract: A catalyst suitable for hydrogenating organic compounds, essentially containing from 65 to 80% of nickel, calculated as nickel oxide, from 10 to 25% of silicon, calculated as silicon dioxide, from 2 to 10% of zirconium, calculated as zirconium oxide, and from 0 to 10% of aluminum, calculated as aluminum oxide, with the proviso that the sum of the content of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide is at least 15% (percentages in % by weight, based on the total weight of the catalyst), obtainable by addition of an acidic aqueous solution of nickel, zirconium and, if desired, aluminum salts to a basic aqueous solution or suspension of silicon compounds and if desired aluminum compounds, the pH of the mixture thus obtained being decreased to at least 6.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the selective hydrogenation of butynediol to 2-butene-1,4-diol using a palladium catalyst to which either copper and zinc, or silver and zinc, or copper, silver and zinc are added as doping agents. In the preferred embodiment, it has been possible, by optimizing the composition of the catalyst, to improve the activity and selectivity of the catalysts in question while also eliminating the need to handle toxic substances during the catalyst manufacturing process.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a phenyl amine which may be substituted by alkyl or cycloalkyl in which the corresponding cyolohexylamine is reduced at temperatures of 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. and pressures of 0.01 to 50 bar in the presence of a heterogeneous dehydrogenation catalyst consisting essentially of palladium or a palladium/platinum mixture supported on carrier consisting of the oxides of rare earth metals and and metals of Group IVb of the Periodic Table of Elements, with the proviso that the palladium/platinum mixture may also be supported on an alumina carrier. The cyclohexylamine reactant can be advantageously prepared by reacting the corresponding phenol with ammonia and hydrogen at 100.degree. to 250.degree. C. in the presence of the same heterogeneous catalyst as a preliminary step to provide a two stage process using the same catalyst in both stages.

Abstract: Cobalt catalysts whose catalytically active material comprises from 55 to 98 wt % of cobalt, from 0.2 to 15 wt % of phosphorus, from 0.2 to 15 wt % of manganese, and from 0.2 to 15 wt % of alkali metal, calculated as oxide, in which the catalyst material is calcined in a first step at final temperatures of from 550.degree. to 750.degree. C. and in a second step at final temperatures of from 800.degree. to 1000.degree. C., and a process for the hydrogenation of organic nitriles and/or imines, in which the novel cobalt catalyst is used.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a 1,4-alkylenediamine of the general formula I ##STR1## in which the substituents R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, by reacting a succinic dinitrile of the general formula II ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the meanings stated, with hydrogen at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 250.degree. C. and a pressure of from 50 to 350 bar in contact with a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein the hydrogenation catalyst used contains cobalt oxide and one or more oxides of the elements iron, nickel, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, and phosphorus and one or more oxides of elements in the alkali metal group, alkaline earth metal group, and rare earth group of the Periodic Table, and of scandium, and/or of yttrium.

Abstract: Methyl formate is prepared by converting methanol over a copper-containing catalyst at elevated temperatures and in the gas phase by a process in which the catalyst used contains from 30 to 80% by weight of copper, calculated as CuO, as well as from 20 to 70% by weight of a magnesium silicate, calculated as MgO plus SiO.sub.2, which has a molar ratio of MgO/SiO.sub.2 of from 0.3 to 1.5, and may additionally be doped with the metals zinc, chromium and/or barium, each in an amount of not more than 1.5% by weight, calculated as ZnO, Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 and BaO.

Abstract: Catalysts whose active material contains, in addition to from 20 to 85% by weight, calculated as ZrO.sub.2, of oxygen-containing zirconium compounds, from 1 to 30% by weight, calculated as CuO, of oxygen-containing compounds of copper and from 1 to 40% by weight each, calculated as CoO or NiO, respectively, of oxygen-containing compounds of cobalt and of nickel are used for the amination of alcohols under hydrogenating conditions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of amines of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is the radical H.sub.2 N-CH.sub.2 and R.sup.2 is hydrogen, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form a bridging group --CH.sub.2 --, by reacting 1,3,6-tricyanohexane at elevated temperature and pressure with hydrogen in contact with a catalyst containing, in addition to cobalt oxide, and oxide of an alkali metal, an oxide of an alkaline earth metal, an oxide of a rare earth or an oxide of scandium or yttrium.

Abstract: Copper-containing catalysts for low temperature shift conversion at from 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. and under from 10 to 40 bar, which additionally contain aluminum and zinc, if necessary in the form of the compounds or oxides and are prepared by coprecipitation, the copper-containing catalysts containing potassium and having a BET surface area adapted to the potassium content, and the potassium content being brought to 0.1-3.0% by weight at a BET surface of from 30 to 160 m.sup.2 /g, are used for the preparation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from carbon monoxide and water.

Abstract: Muscone of the formula I ##STR1## is prepared by a process in which an open-chain 2,15-diketone of the general formula IICH.sub.3 --CO--X--CO--CH.sub.3 (II)whereX is one of the radicals--(--CH.sub.2 --).sub.12 -- (a)--CH.dbd.CH--(--CH.sub.2 --).sub.8 --CH.dbd.CH-- (b)--CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--(--CH.sub.2 --).sub.6 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --(c)--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--(--CH.sub.2 --).sub.4 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- (d)or--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--(--CH.sub.2 --).sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- (e)is brought into contact, at from 300.degree. to 400.degree. C. in the presence of from 5 to 15% by weight, based on the amount of catalyst, of water, in the gas phase, with a fixed-bed catalyst containing TiO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2 or ThO.sub.2 as the catalytically active compound and the unsaturated cyclic ketone formed by intramolecular aldol condensation is subjected to catalytic hydrogenation.

Abstract: Muscone of the formula I ##STR1## is prepared by a process in which an open-chain 2,15-diketone of the general formula IICH.sub.3 --CO--X--CO--CH.sub.3 (II)where X is one of the radicals--(--CH.sub.2 --).sub.12 -- (a)--CH.dbd.CH--(--CH.sub.2 --).sub.8 --CH.dbd.CH-- (b)--CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--(--CH.sub.2 --).sub.6 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --(c)--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--(--CH.sub.2 --).sub.4 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- (d) or--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--(--CH.sub.2 --).sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- (e)is brought into contact, at from 300.degree. to 400.degree. C. in the presence of from 5 to 15% by weight, based on the amount of catalyst, of water, in the gas phase, with a fixed-bed catalyst containing TiO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2 or the ThO.sub.2 as the catalytically active compound and the unsaturated cyclic ketone formed by intramolecular aldol condensation is subjected to catalytic hydrogenation.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of saturated alcohols by catalytic hydrogenation of acetylenic alcohols at a temperature of from 50.degree. to 200.degree. C. and under a pressure of from 30 to 320 bar, wherein use is made of a catalyst containing from 20 to 85% of nickel oxide, from 0 to 30% w/w of copper oxide, from 1 to 30% w/w of zirconium dioxide, from 1 to 30% w/w of silicon dioxide and from 1 to 30% w/w of aluminum oxide, by weight of the oxidic, unreduced catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst for the hydrogenation of unsaturated aliphatic compounds having a content of 20-70% w/w of nickel oxide, 25-45% w/w of zirconium oxide and 5-40% w/w of copper oxide, based on the oxidic, unreduced catalyst.