Abstract: A melt tank for the production of a glass melt having a low portion of bubbles. The melt tank includes an inlet opening, an outlet opening, a floor, at least two side walls that adjoin the floor, a roof. The glass melt having a first bath depth in a melting segment, a second bath depth in a refining segment, and a third bath depth over a threshold between and smaller than the first and second bath depths. An electrically produced first heat energy is supplied via a multiplicity of electrodes that extend into the glass melt and a second heat energy is produced by the combustion of fossil fuel via at least one burner. Also, a method for producing a glass melt.

Abstract: A burner holder for a burner lance in a glass melting plant. To easily and quickly change the burner lance angle to influence the process conditions in the glass melting plant, the burner holder has a retaining unit for securing the burner lance and a sealing plate with a passage. The sealing plate is configured to secure to the glass melting plant and is provided with a recess for receiving a burner lance head. The recess forms at least one part of a passage through the sealing plate. The retaining unit is connected to the sealing plate via at least one first pivot bearing, such that the retaining unit can be pivoted or swiveled about a first axis of rotation. The pivot bearing is attached or embedded directly on the sealing plate or is connected to the sealing plate via a support arm arranged on the sealing plate.

Abstract: A burner holder for a burner lance in a glass melting plant. To easily and quickly change the burner lance angle to influence the process conditions in the glass melting plant, the burner holder has a retaining unit for securing the burner lance and a sealing plate with a passage. The sealing plate is configured to secure to the glass melting plant and is provided with a recess for receiving a burner lance head. The recess forms at least one part of a passage through the sealing plate. The retaining unit is connected to the sealing plate via at least one first pivot bearing, such that the retaining unit can be pivoted or swiveled about a first axis of rotation. The pivot bearing is attached or embedded directly on the sealing plate or is connected to the sealing plate via a support arm arranged on the sealing plate.

Abstract: A melt tank for the production of a glass melt having a low portion of bubbles. The melt tank includes an inlet opening, an outlet opening, a floor, at least two side walls that adjoin the floor, a roof. The glass melt having a first bath depth in a melting segment, a second bath depth in a refining segment, and a third bath depth over a threshold between and smaller than the first and second bath depths. An electrical produced first heat energy is supplied via a multiplicity of electrodes that extend into the glass melt and a second heat energy is produced by the combustion of fossil fuel via at least one burner. Also, a method for producing a glass melt.

Abstract: A glass melting plant refiner for thermal post-treatment of a glass melt containing bubbles, in particular for the production of fiberglass. To reduce the glass melt bubble content produced by submerged combustion burners, a refiner forms a glass melt tank, the glass melt flowing through the tank in a transport direction. The tank has a floor, side walls and a superstructure. A barrier, forming a raised floor part, runs essentially in the transport direction. The barrier forms, at each lateral side, a channel-shaped constriction with the side walls, a width of each constriction transverse to the transport direction being at most 0.45 times the tank width. At least one first fossil fuel heater heats the glass melt from above. At least one second electrical heating device, in each side wall and/or in the floor of the tank in the region of each constriction, extends into the glass melt.

Abstract: A glass melting plant having a melting tank having end-fired heating, the melting tank having a feeding material inlet, an outlet for removing the molten glass, and a melt surface of at least 40 m2. At least one doghouse is laterally situated and is connected to the melting tank inlet for feeding material input. The doghouse has side walls that, together with the melting tank inlet, limit a feeding surface area, and has a feeding device. The doghouse has a roof with an end wall oriented toward the feeding device, which end wall encloses, with the roof, a gas compartment open toward the melting tank. To increase the specific melting performance with at least equal glass quality, the feeding surface of the doghouse is at least 8 m2 and, given a melt surface of at least 115 m2, is at least 7% of the melting tank melt surface.

Abstract: A regenerative chamber for a glass melting furnace having a defined cross-section and wherein the regenerative chamber includes multiple slotted arches and above the same there are disposed transfer layers, and wherein a grating is installed on the transfer layers. A movable flow barrier is provided above the slotted arches that is inserted from the outside into the regenerative chamber and by means of which the cross-section of the regenerative chamber can be reduced.

Abstract: A regenerator for glass melting tanks for storing waste heat from combustion cycles and emitting the stored heat to oxidation gases supplied from the outside, having a gas-permeable chamber lattice in which the chamber lining is made of fire-resistant stones held together by lateral wall elements. A cover region is situated over the chamber lattice for the combustion gases entering into the chamber lattice and for the oxidation gases exiting from the chamber lattice, the chamber cover forming a flow duct together with a further cover segment, connected to the cover, limited by a downward-extending terminating wall that is connected to the burner throat and with the wall element. A segment of the lateral wall element between the flow duct running essentially vertically and the upper region of the chamber lattice is fashioned as an intermediate wall having a cooling duct system situated therein.

Abstract: A glass melting plant refiner for thermal post-treatment of a glass melt containing bubbles, in particular for the production of fiberglass. To reduce the glass melt bubble content produced by submerged combustion burners, a refiner forms a glass melt tank, the glass melt flowing through the tank in a transport direction. The tank has a floor, side walls and a superstructure. A barrier, forming a raised floor part, runs essentially in the transport direction. The barrier forms, at each lateral side, a channel-shaped constriction with the side walls, a width of each constriction transverse to the transport direction being at most 0.45 times the tank width. At least one first fossil fuel heater heats the glass melt from above. At least one second electrical heating device, in each side wall and/or in the floor of the tank in the region of each constriction, extends into the glass melt.

Abstract: A glass melting plant having a melting tank having end-fired heating, the melting tank having a feeding material inlet, an outlet for removing the molten glass, and a melt surface of at least 40 m2. At least one doghouse is laterally situated and is connected to the melting tank inlet for feeding material input. The doghouse has side walls that, together with the melting tank inlet, limit a feeding surface area, and has a feeding device. The doghouse has a roof with an end wall oriented toward the feeding device, which end wall encloses, with the roof, a gas compartment open toward the melting tank. To increase the specific melting performance with at least equal glass quality, the feeding surface of the doghouse is at least 8 m2 and, given a melt surface of at least 115 m2, is at least 7% of the melting tank melt surface.

Abstract: A method and a device for charging glass melting plants with bulk materials comprising shards and primary raw materials (raw material batch). The bulk materials are stocked in a silo in which they slide downward due to their weight, then through an outlet onto a device that conveys them to the glass melting plant. The silo has two separate supply containers, a first container accommodates the shards and the second container accommodates the raw material batch. The raw material batch is force-conveyed into the first container via a dosing device situated underneath the outlet of the second container. From the outlet of the first container there exits a mixture of the shards stored in the first container and the raw material batch supplied from the second container. The two combined components are conveyed by at least one withdrawal device to the point of delivery to the glass melting plant.

Abstract: A device for drying and preheating particulate feedstock for glass melting apparatuses including a vertical shaft in which a plurality of gas guides are arranged level by level. The shaft has at least one gas channel for exhaust gases from the melting apparatus. a) feedstock guide elements are arranged one above another within the shaft with lateral spacings on all sides, with a portion of the gas guides extending through the guide elements, b) at least one of the guide elements is mounted in a transversely movable fashion with respect to the shaft independently of other guide elements, c) the guide elements are provided with converging oblique surfaces for introducing the feedstock at upper ends of the guide elements and with converging oblique surfaces for the emergence of the feedstock at lower ends of the guide elements, and d) at least one guide element is connected to a vibrating drive.

Abstract: A regenerator for glass melting tanks for storing waste heat from combustion cycles and emitting the stored heat to oxidation gases supplied from the outside, having a gas-permeable chamber lattice in which the chamber lining is made of fire-resistant stones held together by lateral wall elements. A cover region is situated over the chamber lattice for the combustion gases entering into the chamber lattice and for the oxidation gases exiting from the chamber lattice, the chamber cover forming a flow duct together with a further cover segment, connected to the cover, limited by a downward-extending terminating wall that is connected to the burner throat and with the wall element. A segment of the lateral wall element between the flow duct running essentially vertically and the upper region of the chamber lattice is fashioned as an intermediate wall having a cooling duct system situated therein.

Abstract: A glass melting oven for producing a glass melt in a row arrangement, having a loading opening for raw glass materials, a melting region, a refining region, a constriction, a conditioning region and an overflow into a processing unit. To remove flaws from the melt that remain visible in the end product, a method includes the steps of a) arranging a refining bench between the melting region and the beginning of the refining region; b) arranging side burners and extraction openings for flue gases between the loading opening and the refining bench; c) delimiting the constriction at both ends by end walls that leave narrow flow cross-sections above the glass melt for flue gases; and d) cooling the glass melt inside the constriction. The glass melting oven is particularly suited for producing flat glass and panels for solar elements. The oxidants for the fuels may also be preheated.

Abstract: A device for preheating charging material for glass melting installations using its exhaust gases, having a vertical preheating shaft through which a heat exchanger extends conducting exhaust gases, the shaft upper end having a charging material opening, the lower end having a preheated charging material discharge device, the inlet of the heat exchanger connected to an exhaust gas supply line and the outlet connected to an exhaust gas outlet line. To recuperate a high portion of the exhaust gas heat, and to reduce environmental contamination and the suctioning of environmental air as false air, the exhaust gas supply line has an outlet line branch for drawing oft part of the hot gases and the outlet line is connected to a downwardly open sealing gas line in the region of the charging material above the heat exchanger exhaust gas passage for the hot gas emission into the charging material.

Abstract: A method and a system for thermal dewatering and preheating aqueous mixtures for feeding glass melting plants when passing through a shaft-like container provided with heating elements disposed one above another in tiers. To avoid the feed material from becoming glued together or agglomerating in the preheaters while the feed material is heated by exhaust gases with separately guided exhaust gases and feed material, a) the uppermost tier heating elements are closed relative to the mixture and are kept above 100 C, b) the interface between the mixture and the atmosphere above the mixture is shaped and heated by the uppermost tier heating elements so that part of the thermal output is emitted to the atmosphere via the mixture, and c) as the mixture proceeds through the container it is heated by further heating elements to temperatures close to the glass melting plant feeding temperature.

Abstract: A device for drying and preheating particulate feedstock for glass melting apparatuses including a vertical shaft in which a plurality of gas guides are arranged level by level. The shaft has at least one gas channel for exhaust gases from the melting apparatus. a) feedstock guide elements are arranged one above another within the shaft with lateral spacings on all sides, with a portion of the gas guides extending through the guide elements, b) at least one of the guide elements is mounted in a transversely movable fashion with respect to the shaft independently of other guide elements, c) the guide elements are provided with converging oblique surfaces for introducing the feedstock at upper ends of the guide elements and with converging oblique surfaces for the emergence of the feedstock at lower ends of the guide elements, and d) at least one guide element is connected to a vibrating drive.

Abstract: A regenerative chamber for a glass melting furnace having a defined cross-section and wherein the regenerative chamber includes multiple slotted arches and above the same there are disposed transfer layers, and wherein a grating is installed on the transfer layers. A movable flow barrier is provided above the slotted arches that is inserted from the outside into the regenerative chamber and by means of which the cross-section of the regenerative chamber can be reduced.

Abstract: A glass melting oven for producing a glass melt in a row arrangement, having a loading opening for raw glass materials, a melting region, a refining region, a constriction, a conditioning region and an overflow into a processing unit. To remove flaws from the melt that remain visible in the end product, a method includes the steps of a) arranging a refining bench between the melting region and the beginning of the refining region; b) arranging side burners and extraction openings for flue gases between the loading opening and the refining bench; c) delimiting the constriction at both ends by end walls that leave narrow flow cross-sections above the glass melt for flue gases; and d) cooling the glass melt inside the constriction. The glass melting oven is particularly suited for producing flat glass and panels for solar elements. The oxidants for the fuels may also be preheated.

Abstract: A glass melting installation and a method of operation of this with a melting tank, with burners for fossil fuels and with at least one regenerator for preheating oxidation gases, whereby between the at least one regenerator and the melting tank at least two step-free port necks are provided for the alternating supply of oxidation gases and the removal of combustion gases, and whereby the port necks are provided with lateral supply openings for the supply of secondary oxidation gases. In order to achieve injection into the waste gas flow without directional influence, with a simple construction and good energy usage, the supply openings for the supply of secondary oxidation gases are perpendicular to the free cross-section of the port necks above the step-free bottom surfaces.