Abstract: Process for preparing aminodihalophosphines, diaminohalophosphines, triaminophosphines, phosphorous ester diamides, aminophosphines, diaminophosphines, phosphorous ester amide halides and aminophosphine halides with elimination of an acid in the presence of an auxiliary base, wherein the auxiliary base b) and the acid form a salt which is liquid at temperatures at which the desired product is not significantly decomposed during the process of separating off the liquid salt and c) the salt of the auxiliary base forms two immiscible liquid phases with the desired product or the solution of the desired product in a suitable solvent.

Abstract: A process for removing acids from reaction mixtures using an auxiliary base, in which the auxiliary base: combines with the acid to form a salt which is liquid at temperatures at which the product of value does not significantly decompose during the removal of the liquid salt, and the salt of the auxiliary base with the product of value or the solution of the product of value in a suitable solvent forms two immiscible liquid phases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing quaternary ammonium compounds, which comprises reacting compounds comprising an sp3-hybridized nitrogen atom with a dialkyl sulfate or trialkyl phosphate and subjecting the resulting ammonium compound to an anion exchange.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the extractive removal of phenols, alcohols, amines, phoshines, hydroxylamines, hydrazines, oximes, imines, water, carboxylic acids, amino acids, hydroxamic acids, sulfinic acids, sulfonic acids, peroxycarboxylic acids, phosphonous acids, phosphinous acids, phosphonic acids, phosphinic acids or phosphoric acids from aprotic solvents by means of ionic liquids of the formula [K]n+[A]n?, where n, [K]+ and An? are defined as in the description.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of solid acylphosphine oxides by converting an acylphosphine oxide which is in the form of a melt or in dispersed form into the solid state of aggregation with mechanical stress, shearing/internal agitation of the melt.

Abstract: In the process for preparing ionic liquids, an ionic liquid is firstly reacted with an alkoxide or with barium hydroxide and is subsequently neutralized with an acid. The ionic liquid contains a phosphonium and/or ammonium cation and an anion selected from the group consisting of halides, arylsulfonates, alkylsulfonates, sulfate, hydroxysulfate, alkylsulfates, hydrogencarbonate, carbonate. triflate and carboxylates. In this process, virtually any anions can be introduced into the ionic liquids.

Abstract: Process for preparing ionic compounds comprising cations containing quaternary sp2-hybridized nitrogen atoms, which comprises reacting compounds containing a double-bonded nitrogen atom with a dialkyl sulfate with participation of both alkyl groups of the dialkyl sulfate and, if appropriate, subjecting the resulting ionic compound containing sulfate anions to an anion exchange.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the distillation of ionic liquids, in which a pressure not higher than ambient pressure is set in a first step and the ionic liquid is heated to a temperature in the range from 60° C. to 350° C. in a second step. The process is employed, in particular, for the purification of ionic liquids.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of acylphosphines formula (1) wherein m is 1 or 2; R1, R2, and R3 are organic residues derived from aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons; by (1) reacting organic phosphorus halides of formula (II) wherein Y is Br or Cl,with an alkali metal in a solvent in the presence of an activator, wherein the alkali metal is present in the form of a dispersion of alkali metal particles having a mean particle size of ?500 ?m in the solvent, (2) subsequent reaction with acid halides of formula (III) which process is carried out without isolation of the intermediates. Preferably, R1, R2 and R3 are independently from each other phenyl, naphthyl and bi-phenyl, being unsubstituted or substituted by one to five halogen, C1-C8 alky and/or C1-C8 alkoxy. Most preferably, R1 and R3 are phenyl and R2 is 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl. The alkali metal is preferably sodium, the activator is preferably chlorobenzene and/or n-butanol.

Abstract: A process for preparing mono- or poly-C1-C20-alkyl- and/or -halogen-substituted arylcarbonyl chlorides (I), by, in a first stage, reacting a mono- or poly-C1-C20-alkyl- and/or -halogen-substituted aromatic (II) with CCl4 in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst to give the corresponding mono- or poly-C1-C20-alkyl- and/or -halogen-substituted trichloromethylated aromatic (III), and, in a second stage, treating the trichloromethylated aromatic (III) with water or a protic acid in the presence of a catalyst to obtain the arylcarbonyl chloride (I). In a particularly preferred embodiment, the trichloromethylated aromatic (III) is not isolated as an intermediate and is used in the second stage dissolved in the solvent of the first stage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of N-phosphonomethyliminodiacetic acid by reacting an alkali metal salt of iminodiacetic acid with phosphorus trichloride in aqueous solution with formation of the hydrochloride of iminodiacetic acid, phosphorous acid and of the corresponding alkali metal chloride, followed by reaction with a formaldehyde source and, if desired, recovery of the N-phosphonomethyliminodiacetic acid from the reaction mixture, in which water, which may comprise HCl, is removed from the reaction mixture during and/or after reacting the alkali metal salt of iminodiacetic acid with phosphorus trichloride until the concentration of iminodiacetic acid hydrochloride is at least 40% by weight, based on the weight of the reaction mixture minus the weight of alkali metal chloride. The process makes possible the preparation of N-phosphonomethyliminodiacetic acid in a simple fashion and in high yield.

Abstract: Process for preparing purified 1,3-substituted imidazolium salts of the formula (I) by reacting a 1,3-substituted imidazolium salt of the formula (II), with a strong base at from 20 to 250° C. while distilling off the 1,3-substituted imidazol-2-ylidene formed, in which the 1,3-substituted imidazol-2-ylidene which has been distilled off is brought into contact in the gaseous state with the protic acid HaA (III) and/or the 1,3-substituted imidazol-2-ylidene which has been distilled off is passed in the gaseous or condensed state into a receiver comprising the protic acid HaA (III).

Abstract: Process for the preparation of aromatic acylphosphine oxides (II) in which aromatic carboxyphosphines (I) are converted to the acylphosphine oxides (II).

Abstract: The invention relates to the acyl- and bisacylphosphine derivatives according to formula (I), wherein Y represents O, S, NR3, N—OR3 or N—NR3R4, Z represents O, S, NR3, N—OR3, N—NR3R4 or a free pair of electrons, and FG represents a leaving group and the remaining groups are defined as in the description. The invention further relates to a method for the production of the inventive derivatives and to their use.

Abstract: Process for preparing aminodihalophosphines, diaminohalophosphines, triaminophosphines, phosphorous ester diamides, aminophosphines, diaminophosphines, phosphorous ester amide halides and aminophosphine halides with elimination of an acid in the presence of an auxiliary base, wherein the auxiliary base b) and the acid form a salt which is liquid at temperatures at which the desired product is not significantly decomposed during the process of separating off the liquid salt and c) the salt of the auxiliary base forms two immiscible liquid phases with the desired product or the solution of the desired product in a suitable solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to acyl- or bisacylphosphine derivatives according to formula (1), wherein: Y represents O, S, NR3, N—OR3 or N—NR3R54; Z represents O, S, NR3, N—OR3, N—NR3R4 or a free electron pair; Het1 and Het2, independent of one another, represent O, S and/or NR5, and; the other radicals have the meanings as cited in the description. The invention also relates to methods for producing these derivatives and to the use thereof.

Abstract: A process for removing acids from reaction mixtures using an auxiliary base, in which the auxiliary base

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of N-phosphonomethyliminodiacetic acid by reacting an alkali metal salt of iminodiacetic acid with phosphorus trichloride in aqueous solution with formation of the hydrochloride of iminodiacetic acid, phosphorous acid and of the corresponding alkali metal chloride, followed by reaction with a formaldehyde source and, if desired, recovery of the N-phosphonomethyliminodiacetic acid from the reaction mixture, in which water, which may comprise HCl, is removed from the reaction mixture during and/or after reacting the alkali metal salt of iminodiacetic acid with phosphorus trichloride until the concentration of iminodiacetic acid hydrochloride is at least 40% by weight, based on the weight of the reaction mixture minus the weight of alkali metal chloride.