Abstract: Diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based liquid polyisocyanate mixtures containing urethane groups and having an isocyanate content of from 12 to 30 percent by weight are obtained by reaction of a polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene polyol containing 5 to 30 percent by weight of oxyethylene with diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based isocyanates. These polyisocyanate mixtures are storage stable at low temperature and yield flexible polyurethane foams having improved mechanical properties.

Abstract: Polyester polyols and/or polyester-polyether polyols are prepared by reacting polyols preferably di- to hexafunctional polyether polyols with hydroxyl numbers of 30 to 200 with at least one carboxylic anhydride, preferably glutaric anhydride, resulting in a carboxylic acid half ester which is subsequently oxyalkylated with at least one alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide in the presence of at least 1 thiodialkylene glycol, preferably thiodiethylene and/or thiodipropylene glycol.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for harmonizing the reaction rates for the formation of urethane and isocyanurate groups during the preparation of polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams by reacting organic polyisocyanates with polyols in the presence of blowing agents and salts of amines having the formula ##STR1## as catalysts, wherein R stands for an hydrogen atom or a straight chained or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 19 carbon atoms, and n and m are equal or different whole numbers from 2 to 10.

Abstract: Stable water glass solutions are obtained(A) by mixing a solution of an aqueous alkali silicate solution and alkali hydroxide with a tertiary amine and subsequently oxyalkylating the resultant two-phase reaction mixture with at least one alkylene oxide in such an amount that a uniform solution forms or(B) by oxyalkylating a tertiary amine with at least one alkylene oxide and mixing the resultant reaction mixture with a solution of an aqueous alkali silicate solution and alkali hydroxide.The stable water glass solutions are suitable for the preparation of organo silicate foams.For the preparation of the organo silicate foams, a mixture of the stable water glass solutions and tertiary amino group-containing polyether polyols is reacted with organic polyisocyanates in the presence of catalysts, blowing agents and optionally auxiliaries and additives.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of optionally cellular and non-cellular polyurethane elastomers, preferably by reaction injection molding, organic polyisocyanates, polyether polyols based on polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols with terminal hydroxyethylene groups and an ethoxylation degree of 1 to 13, having a content of primary hydroxyl groups at the corresponding degree of ethoxylation as the value of curve A to 100 percent with curve A describing the dependency of the primary hydroxyl group content upon the degree of ethoxylation are reacted with chain extenders and/or cross-linking agents in the presence of catalysts as well as optionally blowing agents, auxiliaries and additives.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to storage stable dispersions comprising certain aromatic polyesters dispersed in certain polyhydroxyl compounds and their process of preparation. The dispersions are useful for the preparation of polymers containing urethane and/or isocyanurate linkages.

Abstract: For the preparation of elastic flexible polyurethane foams with improved breaking elongation and very good setting behavior as well as densities from 7 to 120 grams per liter, organic polyisocyanates are reacted in the presence of blowing agents, catalysts and, optionally, auxiliaries and/or additives with polyols based on polyoxyalkylene polyols having terminal oxyethylene blocks of a degree of oxyethylation of 1 to 13 and which have a content of primary hydroxyl groups at the corresponding degree of oxyethylation equal or exceeding the value of curve A in the Figure in which curve A describing the relationship of the content of primary hydroxyl groups with the degree of oxyethylation.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of molded polyurethane parts having a lightfast polyurethane skin. The skin is formed by applying a reaction mixture comprising an organic polyisocyanate, a polyol, a chain extender, an aliphatic primary or secondary aliphatic diamine, and a catalyst, by a one-shot process in the absence of solvents, to the inside wall of the molding tool.The molded parts produced in accordance with this invention are used, for instance, in the automobile industry for the inside equipment of vehicles. Specifically, they may be used as cover plates for steering wheels and for lining doors. They may also be used for external equipment such as bumpers, headlight housings, and may be used in the electrical industry as housing elements.

Abstract: Low temperature flexible polyurethane elastomers are prepared by reacting organic polyisocyanates with polyester polyols which have glass transition temperatures of -10.degree. to -80.degree. C. and incorporating therein alkoxylated esters of fatty acids and/or alkoxylated terpene alcohols.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyurethane foams modified with melamine-formaldehyde precondensates, in which the precondensates employed are storage-stable, aqueous 40-85% strength by weight resin solutions which are obtained by condensing melamine with formaldehyde in a molar ratio of 1:1.1-1.75 in aqueous solution at a pH which, at least periodically, is above 8, and at from 60 to 130.degree. C., until one part by volume of resin solution can be diluted with from 0.5 to 4 parts by volume of water at 20.degree. C. without causing a persisting cloudiness.

Abstract: A process for making a polyurethane which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a higher molecular weight organic polyhydroxyl compound in the presence of a catalyst having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein X is sulfur or NH and n is a whole number from 2 to 6. Also used is a catalyst which is a combination of the above-mentioned catalyst and an organic tin compound.

Abstract: Polymer polyol dispersions are prepared by reacting polyepoxides with epoxide resin hardeners in the presence of polyester and polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the manufacture of stable polyol-filler dispersions. The polyol-filler dispersions are prepared by the crushing of fillers in situ in polyols employing high localized energies.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing cellular polymers having urethane groups, isocyanurate groups, or both. The cellular polymers are prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with certain polymer dispersions in the presence of a blowing agent.The polymer dispersions comprise(a) as a continuous phase, a polyol having a functionality of 2 to 8 and a hydroxyl number of 150 to 700; and(b) as a dispersed phase, an organic compound having(a) at least one Zerewitinoff active hydrogen atom,(b) a melting point of 30.degree. C. to 260.degree. C., and(c) a molecular weight of 178 to 100,000.

Abstract: Stable melamine-polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol dispersions are prepared by the in situ reduction of melamine particles wherein 90 percent of the melamine particles have a particle size of less than 10 microns. Stabilizers for the melamine-polyol dispersion are selected from the group consisting of(a) silicic acids and silicates,(b) salts of perfluorinated alkyl carboxylic acids having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, salts of alkyl sulfonic acids and perfluorinated alkylsulfonic acids having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and polyperfluoroether polyols having molecular weights of 300 to 6000, and(c) salts of fatty alcohol sulfates having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.These dispersions are useful for the preparation of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A process for separating hydrophobic organic liquids from water comprising passing a mixture of water and hydrophobic organic liquids through a column-like vessel which is filled with a hydrophobic, preferably open-celled, polyurethane foam, said foam having a high absorption capacity, permits high flow-through velocities even as the foam becomes covered and saturated with the hydrophobic organic liquids, is reversibly deformable, and can be reused.

Abstract: Storage-stable, liquid carbodiimide-modified polyisocyanates are prepared by condensation of polyisocyanates in the presence of catalytic amounts of phospholine, phospholidine, phospholine oxides and/or phospholidine oxides, said condensation terminated and the products stabilized by means of perchloric acid or trifluoromethanesulfonic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of reinforced polyurethane foams based on the reaction of organic polyisocyanates and polyols in the presence of filler dispersions. These dispersions are prepared by in situ crushing of the filler in the polyisocyanate or polyol to a particle size of less than 7 microns.

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous coating agents, impregnating agents and adhesives in which the binder is a mixture of from 20 to 97% by weight of a cationic water-dispersible resin and from 3 to 80% by weight of a hydrocarbon resin, and/or a modified hydrocarbon resin, which per se is not water-dispersible. The coating agents, impregnating agents and adhesives may in particular be used for the cathodic electrocoating of metallic articles.

Abstract: Cathodic electrocoating binders based on polycondensation products which contain amino groups and which are, at least partially, in the form of their ammonium salts or quaternary ammonium salts.The polycondensation products containing amino groups are obtained by adduct formation of p-hydroxyacetophenone with polymers containing epoxide groups, followed by reaction of these adducts with formaldehyde and a secondary amine.The electrocoating binders of the invention may be used for coating metallic substrates and give coatings which are particularly corrosion-resistant and adhere particularly firmly.