Abstract: A fluidized bed granulator for production of urea-containing or nitrate-containing granules may include a granulator interior having granulator interior walls with a first granulator side wall, a second granulator side wall, a granulator front wall that extends transversely to the granulator side walls, and a granulator back wall that likewise extends transversely at the opposite end of the granulator interior from the granulator front wall, a horizontal perforated plate that bounds the granulator interior in a downward direction, a seed entry opening, and a granule exit opening that is disposed at a distance in front of the granulator back wall. A process for producing urea-containing or nitrate-containing granules may utilize the fluidized bed granulator.

Abstract: A spray nozzle for production of urea fertilizer granules and/or urea-sulfur fertilizer granules has a conveying channel and an atomizing gas channel. The conveying channel has at least one separating pin and the atomizing channel has at least one swirl element. The swirl element has inserts, cutouts and moving and fixed elements. The disclosure also sets out a fluidized bed granulator with a spray nozzle for production of a urea-sulfur fertilizer, a process for producing a urea-sulfur fertilizer, and the use of the spray nozzle for production of fertilizer granules.

Abstract: A fluid-bed granulator system may include a fluid-bed granulator, a scrubber unit, and a connection-duct between an air vent opening of the fluid-bed granulator and the scrubber unit. An inner surface of the connection-duct may be at least partially coated with an anti-adhesion layer. The system may further include a granulator space inside the fluid-bed granulator, a perforated plate disposed inside the granulator space, spray nozzles disposed at the perforated plate, a fluidization air inlet, supply lines for atomization air connected to the spray nozzles, supply lines for a liquid melt connected to the spray nozzles, a granulation seeds inlet, a granulator outlet opening, and an air vent opening. A disclosed urea granulation plant may utilize the fluid-bed granulator system.

Abstract: A particulate, urea-containing composition and use of an additive for producing a particulate, urea-containing composition and methods of producing a particulate, urea-containing composition.

Abstract: A process for producing a NOx reductant AUS 32 solution (diesel exhaust fluid), including at least the mixing of water and a particulate composition including (i) urea and an additive comprising component (ii). The additive component is a combination of at least one polymer or oligomer containing amino groups and at least one functionalized polyvinyl compound, wherein the proportion by weight of component (i) in the particulate composition is >60% by weight and the proportion by weight of component (ii) in the particulate composition is <1% by weight and wherein a urea solution is obtained and the proportion by weight of component (i) in the urea solution obtained is between 31% by weight and 34% by weight.

Abstract: A particulate, urea-containing composition and use of an additive for producing a particulate, urea-containing composition and methods of producing a particulate, urea-containing composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a particulate, urea-containing composition, to a method and apparatus for producing it, to the use thereof as fertilizer, as technical urea or as feed additive, and to the use of an additive for producing a particulate, urea-containing composition.

Abstract: A urea granulation process with a scrubbing system may involve at least one gaseous waste stream for removal of dust and ammonia whereby the waste stream may be processed through a combination of process steps. In some examples, the process steps may involve washing the dust and ammonia laden stream with water and/or an aqueous urea solution whereby a dust-laden liquid stream and a dust-reduced stream is generated. The process steps may further involve reacting the dust-reduced stream with formaldehyde to form a stream comprising hexamethylenetetramine and urea-formaldehyde and clean off-gas. In some cases, the gas stream may be directed first through the washing step and then through the reacting step.

Abstract: Disclosed is a particulate, urea-containing composition, to a method and apparatus for producing it, to the use thereof as fertilizer, as technical urea or as feed additive, and to the use of an additive for producing a particulate, urea-containing composition.

Abstract: A urea granulation process with a scrubbing system may involve at least one gaseous waste stream for removal of dust and ammonia whereby the waste stream may be processed through a combination of process steps. In some examples, the process steps may involve washing the dust and ammonia laden stream with water and/or an aqueous urea solution whereby a dust-laden liquid stream and a dust-reduced stream is generated. The process steps may further involve reacting the dust-reduced stream with formaldehyde to form a stream comprising hexamethylenetetramine and urea-formaldehyde and clean off-gas. In some cases, the gas stream may be directed first through the washing step and then through the reacting step.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing granular urea and reducing ammonia emissions in a gaseous waste stream of the urea granulation process. The method includes the steps of granulating urea and generating a gaseous waste stream from the granulation of the urea, first washing the waste stream in a first scrubber dust stage to remove dust form the gaseous waste stream, and then reacting the gaseous waste stream with formaldehyde in a formaldehyde stage to generate a hexamethylenetetramine and urea-formaldehyde liquid stream, and an ammonia-reduced off-gas stream.

Abstract: A reactor for producing nitrogen-containing fertilizer granules comprising a reactor vessel having inside walls coated with a layer of at least one organic silica compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing aerosol emissions from a urea granulation plant with a recovery of the resulting scrubber bleeds, with a granulator producing urea from a concentrated urea solution and an evaporation of the included water, giving urea granulates and an exhaust of dust, ammonia and ammonium cyanate, and a following scrubbing or removing stage for the dust, and a following scrubbing acid stage, resulting in a first stream comprising mainly aerosols and a second stream comprising ammonium salts, and a following aerosol stage with spray and collection devices, releasing a first stream of an exhaust of air, and a second stream of ammonium cyanate and water, and the second stream of the aerosol stage of ammonium cyanate and water is recovered into the urea granulation plant or into a urea fertilizer plant.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing granular urea and reducing ammonia emissions in a gaseous waste stream of the urea granulation process. The method includes the steps of granulating urea and generating a gaseous waste stream from the granulation of the urea, first washing the waste stream in a first scrubber dust stage to remove dust form the gaseous waste stream, and then reacting the gaseous waste stream with formaldehyde in a formaldehyde stage to generate a hexamethylenetetramine and urea-formaldehyde liquid stream, and an ammonia-reduced off-gas stream.

Abstract: A method for producing urea granules having low moisture absorption capacity, with a urea granulator, having a granule flow inlet side and oppositely a granule flow outlet side, forming an axis alongside which granules from a urea solution and a urea/ammonium salt-stream are formed, whereby the solution and the salt-stream are sprayed as a mixture or separately via a feed system unit via various nozzles into the granulator onto a seed material. In this process the highest amount of the salt-stream is sprayed into the granulator at the granule flow inlet side and the amount of the salt-stream is decreased alongside the axis of the granulator from the granule flow inlet side to the granule flow outlet side.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing aerosol emissions from a urea granulation plant with a recovery of the resulting scrubber bleeds, with a granulator producing urea from a concentrated urea solution and an evaporation of the included water, giving urea granulates and an exhaust of dust, ammonia and ammonium cyanate, and a following scrubbing or removing stage for the dust, and a following scrubbing acid stage, resulting in a first stream comprising mainly aerosols and a second stream comprising ammonium salts, and a following aerosol stage with spray and collection devices, releasing a first stream of an exhaust of air, and a second stream of ammonium cyanate and water, and the second stream of the aerosol stage of ammonium cyanate and water is recovered into the urea granulation plant or into a urea fertilizer plant.

Abstract: A method for producing urea granules having low moisture absorption capacity, with a urea granulator, having a granule flow inlet side and oppositely a granule flow outlet side, forming an axis alongside which granules from a urea solution and a urea/ammonium salt-stream are formed, whereby the solution and the salt-stream are sprayed as a mixture or separately via a feed system unit via various nozzles into the granulator onto a seed material. In this process the highest amount of the salt-stream is sprayed into the granulator at the granule flow inlet side and the amount of the salt-stream is decreased alongside the axis of the granulator from the granule flow inlet side to the granule flow outlet side.

Abstract: A urea granulation process and the apparatus suitable for operating that process integrates a method for reducing ammonia emissions from a urea granulation plant which is emitted by a urea production process by scrubbing the off-gas and recovering the scrubber bleed and integrating it into the granulation process so that ammonium salts are completely contained by the process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the granulation of a concentrated urea solution whereas the granulation produces a urea granulate and a dust laden air, which is then fed into a dust scrubber which removes the coarser dust with a less concentrated urea solution and which releases a residual air comprising air with ammonia, carbon dioxide water and an aerosol comprising mainly ammonium isocyanate and a part of very fine urea sublimate, whereas the aerosol is then separated off and fed into a isomerisation unit which comprises a stripping where the ammonium isocyanate reacts with steam to form urea which is then redirected into the dust scrubber as a less concentrated urea solution, and the residual air is directed into an acidic scrubber which releases clean air into the atmosphere which finally leads to a recycling of the aerosol of ammonium isocyanate into urea. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the related process.

Abstract: A process for the granulation of urea with a scrubbing system includes several waste streams for removal of dust and ammonia from the off-gas of a urea granulation unit. A urea granulator, a granulator scrubber dust stage, a granulator scrubber acid stage, product coolers, a product cooler scrubber dust stage, an evaporation unit, and a condenser unit are included in the system. A first stream of fresh air is sent into the urea granulator, whereby dust- and ammonia-laden air is drawn off from the granulator and conveyed into a granulator scrubber dust stage, followed by a granulator scrubber acid stage and ammonia is scrubbed from that air by the generation of an ammonium salt. A second stream of fresh air is used for cooling the product drawn off from the urea granulator in product coolers. The cooling air is thus heated up and conveyed to a product cooler scrubber dust stage.