Abstract: A process for recovering an esterified cellulose ether from a reaction product mixture obtained from a reaction of (a) a cellulose ether with (b) an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid anhydride or a di- or tricarboxylic acid anhydride or a combination of an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid anhydride and a di- or tricarboxylic acid anhydride, comprises the steps of (i) contacting the reaction product mixture with an aqueous liquid and precipitating the esterified cellulose ether from the reaction product mixture, and (ii) isolating the precipitated esterified cellulose ether from the mixture obtained in step (i). Tackiness of the esterified cellulose ether can be reduced when a cellulose ether is added before or in step (i) to the reaction product mixture, to the aqueous liquid or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing (functionalized) biaryls by employing a visible-light-driven, gold-catalyzed C—C cross-coupling reaction system involving boron- and silicon-containing aryl compounds and aryldiazonium compounds. Moreover, the present invention relates to the use of such boron- and silicon-containing aryl compounds and aryldiazonium compounds, as well as related gold catalysts, in the manufacture of (functionalized) biaryls.

Abstract: A device for treating a pathology-affected site in a subject is disclosed. A first generator is configured for generating a first flux of ionized gas molecules, a second generator is operable simultaneously with the first generator and configured for generating a second flux of electromagnetic radiation. To ensure correct treatment, monitoring, documentation and enhanced analysis of the treatment, the device has computerized control means configured to be operable simultaneously with the first and second generators and configured to determine a net electrical charge of the subject while the first generator generates the first flux of ionized gas molecules and while the second generator generates the second flux of electromagnetic radiation. Also a client server computer network including the device is disclosed.

Abstract: An electrical signal amplifier, having an amplifier input and an amplifier output is provided, which are set up to receive an electrical input signal and to output an amplified signal as electrical output signal, wherein an amplifier circuit arranged between the amplifier input and the amplifier output and amplifying the electrical input signal has a voltage divider circuit and a series circuit of gate-source paths in a transistor arrangement, which is assigned to an amplifier stage, the voltage divider circuit is connected downstream of the amplifier input, and an output of the voltage divider circuit is connected to gate contacts of the series circuit of gate-source paths, and a gate voltage supply circuit is connected to the gate contacts of the series circuit of gate-source paths. The disclosure furthermore relates to a method for amplifying an electrical signal by means of an electrical signal amplifier.

Abstract: An electrical signal amplifier, having an amplifier input and an amplifier output is provided, which are set up to receive an electrical input signal and to output an amplified signal as electrical output signal, wherein an amplifier circuit arranged between the amplifier input and the amplifier output and amplifying the electrical input signal has a voltage divider circuit and a series circuit of gate-source paths in a transistor arrangement, which is assigned to an amplifier stage, the voltage divider circuit is connected downstream of the amplifier input, and an output of the voltage divider circuit is connected to gate contacts of the series circuit of gate-source paths, and a gate voltage supply circuit is connected to the gate contacts of the series circuit of gate-source paths. The disclosure furthermore relates to a method for amplifying an electrical signal by means of an electrical signal amplifier.

Abstract: A device for treating a pathology-affected site in a subject is disclosed. A first generator is configured for generating a first flux of ionized gas molecules, a second generator is operable simultaneously with the first generator and configured for generating a second flux of electromagnetic radiation. To ensure correct treatment, monitoring, documentation and enhanced analysis of the treatment, the device has computerized control means configured to be operable simultaneously with the first and second generators and configured to determine a net electrical charge of the subject while the first generator generates the first flux of ionised gas molecules and while the second generator generates the second flux of electromagnetic radiation. Also a client server computer network including the device is disclosed.

Abstract: A fuel element for a nuclear reactor has a fuel rod bundle, at least one spacer with cells defined by at least one web section made from a first material and several guide tubes each running through a cell and axially fixed thereto made from a second material. The first and second materials have differing thermal expansion coefficients. The connection between the guide tube and the spacer is embodied as follows: first and second projections are directly or indirectly fixed to the guide tube. The first projections are disposed in a first axial position and the second projections are arranged at a second axial position and the projections each engage in an opening through the web section to give an axially-acting undercut.

Abstract: In a method for capturing an object in an environment of a motor vehicle, the object is captured with a first capture device of the motor vehicle, and a second capture device which is different from the first capture device is activated when the object is captured by the first capture device. A distance between the motor vehicle and the object is determined with the second capture device.

Abstract: A self-service terminal includes at least one electromechanical hardware component (e.g., a display monitor, a card reader, a cash dispenser, a cash acceptor, and a statement printer) configured to interact physically with a human user of the self-service terminal as the user engages in a financial transaction between the user and a financial-services institution. A self-service component is configured to control operation of the electromechanical hardware component as the electromechanical hardware component interacts physically with the user during the financial transaction, and a client component is configured to interact with the electromechanical hardware component at least once while the financial transaction is in progress.

Abstract: A fuel element for a nuclear reactor has a fuel rod bundle, at least one spacer with cells defined by at least one web section made from a first material and several guide tubes each running through a cell and axially fixed thereto made from a second material. The first and second materials have differing thermal expansion coefficients. The connection between the guide tube and the spacer is embodied as follows: first and second projections are directly or indirectly fixed to the guide tube. The first projections are disposed in a first axial position and the second projections are arranged at a second axial position and the projections each engage in an opening through the web section to give an axially-acting undercut.

Abstract: A self-service terminal includes at least one electromechanical hardware component (e.g., a display monitor, a card reader, a cash dispenser, a cash acceptor, and a statement printer) configured to interact physically with a human user of the self-service terminal as the user engages in a financial transaction between the user and a financial-services institution. A self-service component is configured to control operation of the electromechanical hardware component as the electromechanical hardware component interacts physically with the user during the financial transaction, and a client component is configured to interact with the electromechanical hardware component at least once while the financial transaction is in progress.

Abstract: A fuel assembly for a boiling water reactor contains a plurality of fuel rods maintained laterally by spacers and surrounded by a fuel assembly case. The outer walls of a spacer are provided with projecting elements that maintain a minimum space between the outer surface of the spacer and the fuel assembly case, the opening span of a spacer being smaller than the internal width of the fuel assembly case. The fuel assembly is characterized in that the spacer is maintained in an off-center position by a force acting laterally thereon such that an external space located between an outer surface of the spacer associated with the outer surface of a central cell and the fuel assembly case is narrower than an internal gap opposite the external space and oriented towards the center or towards a control element disposed at the center.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fabrication method for a semiconductor structure having a partly filled trench, having the following steps: provision of a semiconductor structure (1, 5) having a trench (2); filling of the trench (2) with a filling (10) in such a way that the filling (10) projects above a surface (OF) of the semiconductor structure (1, 5) by a first height (h1), the filling (10) covering the trench (2) and the periphery (20) of the trench (2); planarization of the filling (10) in a first etching step in such a way that the filling (10) is essentially planar with the surface (OF) of the semiconductor structure (1, 5); and sinking of the filling (10) in the trench (2) in a second etching step by a predetermined depth (T) proceeding from the surface of the semiconductor structure (1, 5); essentially the same plasma power and the same etchant composition being used for the first and second etching steps.

Abstract: The present invention provides a processing method that changes the given and unfavorable surface contour of a material layer to a predetermined, more favorable surface contour at least along a selected radial direction of the workpiece. Due to the fact that the etch process included into the processing method affects the whole workpiece simultaneously, a high throughput is achievable and the etching method is easily applied in an industrial setting, for example for the mass production of semiconductor products.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fabrication method for a semiconductor structure having a partly filled trench, having the following steps: provision of a semiconductor structure (1, 5) having a trench (2); filling of the trench (2) with a filling (10) in such a way that the filling (10) projects above a surface (OF) of the semiconductor structure (1, 5) by a first height (h1), the filling (10) covering the trench (2) and the periphery (20) of the trench (2); planarization of the filling (10) in a first etching step in such a way that the filling (10) is essentially planar with the surface (OF) of the semiconductor structure (1, 5); and sinking of the filling (10) in the trench (2) in a second etching step by a predetermined depth (T) proceeding from the surface of the semiconductor structure (1, 5); essentially the same plasma power and the same etchant composition being used for the first and second etching steps.

Abstract: The present invention provides a processing method that changes the given and unfavorable surface contour of a material layer to a predetermined, more favorable surface contour at least along a selected radial direction of the workpiece. Due to the fact that the etch process included into the processing method affects the whole workpiece simultaneously, a high throughput is achievable and the etching method is easily applied in an industrial setting, for example for the mass production of semiconductor products.

Abstract: A spacer of a fuel assembly having intersecting webs undergoes reduced longitudinal expansion as a result of corrosion during an operating period. The webs have intersection locations at which assembly gaps are provided. The assembly gaps have widths which correspond essentially, at most over a fraction of their total length, to the wall thickness of an intersecting web, but are wider in a remaining region. Since corrosion layers growing from an edge of an assembly gap toward the intersecting web cannot touch the web, no solid pressure, which could lead to longitudinal expansion, builds up.

Abstract: A nuclear reactor fuel assembly has a plurality of fuel rods filled with nuclear fuel, and a fuel assembly base having a longitudinal axis, a jacket, and a resilient support element in the form of a shock-absorbing leg to be placed upon a support structure of a nuclear reactor. The shock-absorbing leg is parallel to the longitudinal axis and disposed on the outside of the jacket. The shork-absorbing leg has a lower end forming a stop surface for the support structure.