Abstract: Olefins are prepared by converting methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of a zeolite catalyst at elevated temperatures by a process wherein the catalyst used is a borosilicate zeolite which has been molded together with an amorphous binder containing aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide. The advantage of using the borosilicate catalyst is that the yield of C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -olefins is improved at the expense of formation of higher hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Novel crystalline ZBH borosilicate zeolites of the pentasil type are prepared by hydrothermal crystallization of silicon dioxide and boric acid in the presence of alkali metal salts, at from 80.degree. to 140.degree. C. in an ethereal or aqueous-ethereal mixture.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of zeolites of the ZSM-5 structural type from a mixture of SiO.sub.2 and Al(OH).sub.3 by hydrothermal crystallization in an aqueous amine solution, in the absence of alkali, at from 100.degree. to 200.degree. C., wherein the crystallization is carried out in the presence of a triamine, tetraamine and/or higher amine and the reaction mixture is formulated to have an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio defined by an equation which involves the chain length and number of amine groups of the amine employed, as well as to have certain molar ratios of H.sub.2 O/amine and amine/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and the use of these zeolites as catalysts for the conversion of alcohols and/or dialkyl ethers to olefins and/or aromatics.

Abstract: The Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 carrier material from Ag/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 supported catalysts which is obtained after the silver has been removed from such spent catalysts in a conventional manner is regenerated by a method in which the carrier material(a) is treated with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble salt or hydroxide of a metal of group IIA, IIIB or IVB of the Periodic Table or of aluminum, copper, manganese, zinc, cadmium, tin or lead, and the material treated in this manner is then dried, and/or the material(b) is heated at 750-1,500.degree. C. for not less than 10 minutes.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a process for regenerating silver-containing carrier catalysts used in the preparation of ethylene oxide which comprises treating a deactivated catalyst with a solution comprising a potassium, rubidium, or cesium compound and a reducing agent. The subject process provides improved catalyst regeneration.

Abstract: C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -olefins are prepared by catalytic conversion of methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of a zeolite catalyst at elevated temperatures, by a process in which the catalyst used is a pure borosilicate zeolite which has been tableted or extruded without a binder and treated with hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid. The treatment of the catalyst with hydrofluoric acid is carried out using 0.001-1N HF, and that with hydrochloric acid is carried out using 3-25% strength acid. The time-on-stream of the catalyst is improved.

Abstract: Oxidation catalysts which in addition to oxygen ions, with or without NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions, contain molybdenum, tungsten, phosphorus and antimony as basic components, in the atomic ratio Mo:W:P:Sb=12:0.1-3:0.1-4:0.1-3, and which are prepared in a conventional manner by combining molybdenum, phosphorus, antimony and tungsten compounds in aqueous solutions or suspensions, removing the water and calcining the residues, the combination being carried out at chloride ion concentrations of less than 0.3 mole per mole of molybdenum and in the presence of ions of monocarboxylic acids of 1 or 2 carbon atoms, dicarboxylic acids or hydroxycarboxylic acids, are particularly suitable for the gas phase oxidation of methacrolein to methacrylic acid.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst wherein the catalytically active component has the general formulaMo.sub.12 P.sub.a Rh.sub.b Cu.sub.c V.sub.d Cs.sub.e X.sub.f Y.sub.g Z.sub.h O.sub.x,where X is Cr and/or Fe, Y is Nb, Z is Na, Li, K and/or Rb, a is 0.1-4, b is 0.001-1, c is 0.05-2, d is 0.05-4, e is 0.1-5, f is 0-2, g is 0-3 and h is 0-2, and x is the number of oxygen atoms required to saturate the valencies of the other constituents, is very suitable for the preparation of methacrylic acid by gas phase oxidation of methacrolein with an oxygen-containing and steam-containing gas mixture.

Abstract: C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -olefins are prepared by catalytic conversion of methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of a zeolite catalyst at elevated temperatures by a process wherein the catalyst used is a borosilicate zeolite which is treated with hydrogen fluoride, molded together with an amorphous aluminosilicate as a binder and then treated with hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a crystalline aluminosilicate of the pentasil type by hydrothermal crystallization of SiO.sub.2 and Al(OH).sub.3 in the presence of an alkali metal salt at from 80.degree. to 250.degree. C., wherein the crystallization is carried out in ether or aqueous ether. Particularly suitable solvents include the ethers from the group of the poly-(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ethers and mixtures of these ethers with water. The use of these crystalline aluminosilicates as catalysts for alkylating aromatics, and for preparing olefins and/or aromatics from methanol and/or dimethyl ether is also described.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a nitrogen-containing crystalline metal silicate having a zeolite structure from silicon dioxide and a metal oxide and/or metal hydroxide, wherein the crystallization is carried out in the absence of an alkali metal in an aqueous solution of hexamethylenediamine, preferably under the autogeneous pressure of the solution at from 100.degree. to 200.degree. C. The zeolites are preferably used as catalysts for the reaction of methanol and/or dimethyl ether to give unsaturated hydrocarbons, the oligomerization of olefins, the alkylation of aromatics, and other conversions of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of methanol by reacting a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen at an elevated temperature and under superatmospheric pressure over a catalyst which contains zinc, copper and aluminum, the catalyst being prepared from a co-crystalline material of the formulaCu.sub.2.2 Zn.sub.2.8 (OH).sub.6 (CO.sub.3).sub.2,containing aluminum hydroxide as a structual promoter, by calcination and reduction at from 160.degree. to 350.degree. C. The novel catalyst has the advantage of giving a substantially increased space-time yield and having a longer life.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether by conversion in the presence of a zeolite catalyst, in particular a borosilicate zeolite, at elevated temperature, with the addition of a small amount of an electron donor.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of lower olefins from methanol or dimethyl ether by catalytic conversion at from 300.degree. to 550.degree. C. in two stages over borosilicate zeolites, wherein C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -olefins and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -paraffins are removed after the first reaction stage, the C.sub.5.sup.+ hydrocarbons are passed to the second reaction stage, the aromatics are removed from the reaction product of the second stage and the remaining reaction products are recycled. The advantage of this process is an improvement in the yield of olefins.

Abstract: The process for the preparation of olefins by converting methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of a zeolite catalyst is improved by treating the catalyst with hydrogen fluoride. Aluminosilicate zeolites and borosilicate zeolites, especially those of the pentasil type, are chiefly used.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst wherein the catalytically active component has the general formulaMo.sub.12 P.sub.a Rh.sub.b Cu.sub.c V.sub.d Cs.sub.e X.sub.f Y.sub.g Z.sub.h O.sub.x,where X is Cr and/or Fe, Y is Nb, Z is Na, Li, K and/or Rb, a is 0.1-4, b is 0.001-1, c is 0.05-2, d is 0.05-4, e is 0.1-5, f is 0-2, g is 0-3 and h is 0-2, and x is the number of oxygen atoms required to saturate the valencies of the other constituents, is very suitable for the preparation of methacrylic acid by gas phase oxidation of methacrolein with an oxygen-containing and steam-containing gas mixture.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of zeolites of the ZSM-5 structural type from a mixture of SiO.sub.2 and Al(OH).sub.3 by hydrothermal crystallization in an aqueous amine solution, in the absence of alkali, at from 100.degree. to 200.degree. C., wherein the crystallization is carried out in the presence of a triamine, tetraamine and/or higher amine and the reaction mixture is formulated to have an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio defined by an equation which involves the chain length and number of amine groups of the amine employed, as well as to have certain molar ratios of H.sub.2 O/amine and amine/Al.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: Crystalline isotactic zeolites having the composition2/.pi.R.multidot.W.sub.2 O.sub.3 .multidot.m YO.sub.2 .multidot.p H.sub.2 Owhere R is an organic amine and n is the number of amine groups in the amine molecule, W is one or more of the elements B, Al, Ga and Fe and Y is Si and/or Ge, and a process for the preparation of these crystalline isotactic metal silicate zeolites from mixtures of YO.sub.2 and W(OH).sub.3 by hydrothermal crystallization at from 100.degree. to 200.degree. C. with the aid of an organic amine, in the absence of an alkali metal base, alkaline earth metal base or quaternary nitrogen base or their intermediates, the number m depending on the chain length of the organic amine used in the crystallization.

Abstract: Supported catalysts containing silver and alkali metals, for the preparation of ethylene oxide from ethylene and oxygen in the gas phase, are prepared or regenerated by modifying, respectively, a new or spent supported catalyst which already contains metallic silver and may or may not contain the light alkali metals lithium and/or sodium and, where a spent catalyst is concerned, also contains the heavy alkali metals potassium, rubidium and/or cesium, with a solution containing the heavy alkali metals, the modifier solution used containing(a) a surfactant and/or a reducing agent, in the case of the preparation of a new catalyst or(b) a surfactant, in the case of the regeneration of a spent catalyst.

Abstract: A crystalline SiO.sub.2 --modification, which is characterized by an X-ray diffraction diagram having certain diffraction lines, and a process for the preparation of this crystalline SiO.sub.2 --modification by crystallizing reactive amorphous SiO.sub.2 under hydrothermal conditions in the presence of hexamethylenediamine. Sodium ions, phosphate ions and/or sulfate ions may be added for the crystallization.