Abstract: Disclosed herein are IC structures with three-dimensional capacitors with double metal electrodes provided in a support structure (e.g., a substrate, a die, a wafer, or a chip). An example three-dimensional capacitor includes first and second capacitor electrodes and a capacitor insulator between them. Each capacitor electrode includes a planar portion extending across the support structure and one or more via portions extending into one or more via openings in the support structure. The capacitor insulator also includes a planar portion and a via portion extending into the via opening(s). The planar portion of the capacitor electrodes are thicker than the via portions. Each capacitor electrode may be deposited using two deposition processes, such as a conformal deposition process for depositing the via portion of the electrode, and a sputter process for depositing the planar portion of the electrode.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for the preparation of N-omega-(1,2-dimethylindole-3-sulfonyl)-L-arginine and its derivatives using L-ornithine.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for the preparation of N-omega-(1,2-dimethylindole-3-sulfonyl)-L-arginine and its derivatives using L-ornithine.

Abstract: A new method of synthesizing GLP-1 peptide is devised.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for homogeneous solution phase peptide synthesis (HSPPS) of a N-terminal peptide fragment PEP-N and a C-terminal peptide fragment C-PEP, with C-PEP carrying a specific diketopiperazine (DKP) comprising C-terminal protecting group, which contains a handle group HG, with HG being connected to the C-terminus of the peptide fragmcnt; thereby this specific DKP comprising C-terminal protecting group can be selectively cleaved from the peptide as a conventionally used C-terminal protecting group. By the use of this DKP and HG comprising C-terminal protecting group, certain process steps in convergent peptide synthesis based on a combination of HSPPS and solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) can be avoided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for homogeneous solution phase peptide synthesis (HSPPS) of a N-terminal peptide fragment PEP-N and a C-terminal peptide fragment C-PEP, with C-PEP carrying a specific diketopiperazine (DKP) comprising C-terminal protecting group, which contains a handle group HG, with HG being connected to the C-terminus of the peptide fragment; thereby this specific DKP comprising C-terminal protecting group can be selectively cleaved from the peptide as a conventionally used C-terminal protecting group. By the use of this DKP and HG comprising C-terminal protecting group, certain process steps in convergent peptide synthesis based on a combination of HSPPS and solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) can be avoided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for homogeneous solution phase peptide synthesis (HSPPS) of a N-terminal peptide fragment PEP-N and a C-terminal peptide fragment C-PEP, with C-PEP carrying a specific diketopiperazine (DKP) comprising C-terminal protecting group, which contains a handle group HG, with HG being connected to the C-terminus of the peptide fragment; thereby this specific DKP comprising C-terminal protecting group can be selectively cleaved from the peptide as a conventionally used C-terminal protecting group. By the use of this DKP and HG comprising C-terminal protecting group, certain process steps in convergent peptide synthesis based on a combination of HSPPS and solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) can be avoided.

Abstract: A new method of synthesizing GLP-1 peptide is devised.

Abstract: The invention relates to indolesulfonyl halogenides which are useful for the protection of organic compounds comprising at least one guanidino moiety and/or at least one amino group. The invention further relates to a process for their preparation and their use as protecting reagents. The invention also relates to the process for the protecting reaction and to the protected compounds thereof.

Abstract: A process for purifying at least one product from a substrate containing at least one product, includes subjecting the substrate to centrifugal partition chromatography in an ion exchange displacement mode to purify the at least one product from the substrate, the at least one product being an amphoteric product.

Abstract: The invention relates to indolesulfonyl halogenides which are useful for the protection of organic compounds comprising at least one guanidino moiety and/or at least one amino group. The invention further relates to a process for their preparation and their use as protecting reagents. The invention also relates to the process for the protecting reaction and to the protected compounds thereof.

Abstract: Exenatide, a polypeptide having the 39 amino acid sequence H-1His-Gly-Glu-Gly-5Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-10Leu-Ser- Lys-Gln-Met-15Glu-Glu-Glu--Ala-Val-20Arg-Leu-Phe- Ile-Glu-25Trp-Leu-Lys-Asn-Gly-30Gly-Pro-Ser-Ser- Gly-35Ala--Pro-Pro-Pro-Ser-NH2, respectively its 44-mer analogue H-1His-Gly-Glu-Gly-5Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-10Leu-Ser- Lys-Gln-Met-15Glu-Glu-Glu--Ala-Val-20Arg-Leu-Phe- Ile-Glu-25Trp-Leu-Lys-Asn-Gly-30Gly-Pro-Ser-Ser- Gly-35Ala--Pro-Pro-Ser-Lys-40Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys- NH2 is prepared via a convergent four-fragment synthesis strategy from the fragments comprising the amino acid positions 1-10, 11-21, 22-29 and 30-39, respectively 30-44.

Abstract: A new method of anchoring a growing peptide chain during chemical synthesis to a solid-phase support is devised. Novel amino acid derivatives and peptide derivatives, both unbonded and bonded to a solid-phase support, are also provided.

Abstract: A new method of synthesizing GLP-1 peptide is devised.

Abstract: A novel for amidation of C-terminal carboxyl groups of peptides is devised, which methods avoids undesired epimerisation of the ?-carbon of the C-terminal amino acid yielding diastereoisomeric variants of the amidated peptide.

Abstract: A novel method for side chain cyclisation of peptides by means of lactamization is provided.