Abstract: An exhaust gas aftertreatment (EAT) system for receiving exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine has a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) upstream and in close proximity to a diesel particulate filter (DPF). A pressure differential sensor is configured to measure a pressure differential across the DOC and the DPF between a first measurement position upstream of the DOC and a second measurement position downstream of the DPF. A method of operating the EAT system includes using a mathematical model to determine a pressure drop occurring in the system between the first and second measurement positions outside of the DPF. The modelled pressure drop is used together with a measured pressure drop to derive a value for the pressure drop across the DPF itself for use in a model to determine the soot loading of the DPF.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a feed distribution device in separation columns and a method of operation. In particular it relates to distillation columns in which the feed stream is substantially liquid phase, or a mixture of gas and liquid upstream of the column, but where the feed vaporizes or vaporizes more when it enters the column. More specifically, the feed distribution device contains a plurality of opening which allow the feed to vaporize inside the column and where the openings are maintained in critical condition during operation. Significant advantage is achieved through the implementation and use of the present feed distribution device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing a boron trifluoride from the exhaust gases of a vacuum pump, which gases have been obtained when polymerizing .alpha.-olefines by using a BF.sub.3 -alcohol complex as a catalyst. In a vacuum distillation, the underpressure is achieved by means of a pump sealed with a fluid ring or by means of fluid jet with a torque or ejector pump, possibly assisted by a mechanical blaster, such as a propellant circulating pump. In this pump, the fluid ring or the fluid jet is formed by a cocatalyst forming a complex with the BF.sub.3 catalyst, which cocatalyst is an alcohol, preferably butanol.