Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating raw material in a fluidized bed reactor comprising at least two bed materials are provided. The second bed material is subjected into a lower part of the fluidized bed reactor that includes first the bed material having electroconductive material. A fluidizing agent is fed to a bottom of the fluidized bed reactor, and the fluidizing agent flows through the lower part of the reactor to an upper part of the fluidized bed reactor. The first bed material is inductively heated and heat is transferred from the first bed material to the fluidizing agent and/or to the second bed material in the lower part of the reactor. The heated second bed material is fluidized by the fluidizing agent to the upper part of reactor. The raw material is fed to the upper part of the reactor where the raw material is treated.

Abstract: A method and a process arrangement for producing hydrocarbons from plastic-based raw material by a gasification in an integrated process The integrated process includes a gasification unit for forming a gasification product, a steam cracking unit for forming a cracking product and a recovery unit for recovering hydrocarbons. The plastic-based raw material is gasified with steam in the gasification unit having at least one fluidized bed gasifier and the gasification product is formed, the gasification product is cooled at least partly for slowing and/or stopping the chemical reactions after the gasification, The gasification product is supplied to a quench tower of the gasification unit in which the gasification product is treated and condensable components are removed from the gasification product forming a treated gasification product, and the treated gasification product and the cracking product of the steam cracking unit are supplied to the recovery unit for separating and recovering hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for heating a fluidizing agent for a fluidized bed reactor in which the fluidizing agent is fed to the fluidized bed reactor. The fluidizing agent is heated by heat of the process gas and/or heat of flue gas in at least one heat exchanger in which the heat of the process gas and/or the heat of the flue gas is utilized after the fluidized bed reactor, and the heated fluidizing agent is fed to the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor. Further, the invention relates to the use of the method.

Abstract: A method and a process arrangement for treating a feed before a quench column in an integrated process, in which the integrated process comprises at least one gasifier for forming a gasifier flow, at least one cracking furnace for forming a cracker flow, at least one quench column for treating the feed comprising the gasifier flow and cracker flow and at least one transfer line to supply the feed to the quench column. The gasifier flow is cooled at least partly for killing chemical reactions after a gasification, the cracker flow is cooled at least partly after the cracking furnace, the gasifier flow is combined to the cracker flow before a transfer line valve of the transfer line to form the feed to the quench column, and temperature of the feed is controlled to a predetermined temperature of the transfer line before the quench column.

Abstract: A method and process arrangement for producing hydrocarbons from polymer-based waste in which the polymer-based waste is gasified with steam at low temperature in a gasifier for forming a product mixture, and the temperature is 640-750° C., and the product mixture is supplied from the gasifier to a recovery unit of the hydrocarbons for separating at least one hydrocarbon fraction.

Abstract: A method and process arrangement for producing hydrocarbons from polymer-based waste in which the polymer-based waste is gasified with steam at low temperature in a gasifier for forming a product mixture, and the temperature is 640-750° C., and the product mixture is supplied from the gasifier to a recovery unit of the hydrocarbons for separating at least one hydrocarbon fraction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and process arrangement for producing hydrocarbons from plastic containing raw material by means of a gasification process in which the plastic containing raw material is gasified with steam at low gasification temperature of 680-740° C. in a fluidized bed gasifier for forming a product mixture comprising hydrocarbons, and the residence time is below 4 s at the gasification temperature, and the product mixture is cooled rapidly after the gasification to temperature which is below 640° C. for slowing and/or stopping the gasification reaction of the plastic containing raw material in order to increase propylene yield of the gasification process. Further, the invention relates to the use of the method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a feeder and method for feeding raw material which comprises plastic to a gasification, pyrolysis or combustion furnace, in which the feeder comprises a screw feeder part and a pneumatic feeder part in order to form a combined feeder for feeding the raw material, the screw feeder part comprises at least a screw to transfer the raw material to the pneumatic feeder part and at least one cooling device to cool the raw material in the screw feeder part, and the pneumatic feeder part arranged after the screw feeder part comprises at least one inlet to supply pneumatic carrier material to the raw material in the pneumatic feeder part for forming a mixture of the raw material and pneumatic carrier material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating waste material comprising organic components and low and/or intermediate level radioactive agents. The method comprises adding material comprising fibers and kaolin to the waste material in order to form a starting material, and gasifying the starting material at a temperature between 600 and 950° C. to form a gaseous fraction and a solid fraction comprising low and/or intermediate level radioactive agents, gasification residues of the organic components and metakaolin. The present invention also relates to a use of mate-rial comprising fibers and kaolin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating waste material comprising organic components and low and/or medium level radioactive agents. The method comprises encapsulating the waste material into a matrix, gasifying the waste material at a temperature between 600 and 950° C. to form a gaseous fraction and a solid fraction comprising low and/or medium level radioactive agents and combustion residues of the organic components and encapsulating the solid fraction by a geopolymer matrix comprising metakaolin.

Abstract: A method and process arrangement for producing hydrocarbons from polymer-based waste in which the polymer-based waste is gasified with steam at low temperature in a gasifier for forming a product mixture, and the temperature is 640-750° C., and the product mixture is supplied from the gasifier to a recovery unit of the hydrocarbons for separating at least one hydrocarbon fraction.

Abstract: The solution comprises a method of and a system for maintaining steam temperature and therefore electricity production efficiency with decreased loads of a steam turbine power plant comprising a fluidized bed boiler (12) and a fluidized bed superheater (2) adapted to superheat steam supplied to a steam turbine (3). According to the solution, the steam temperature may be maintained by providing, outside a furnace (10), additional heating to the fluidized bed material in its outer circulation, thereby increasing the amount of thermal energy available in the fluidized bed material to be transferred in the fluidized bed superheater (2) to the steam supplied to the steam turbine (3). Such additional heating may be performed by selectably supplying combustible gas with nozzles (111) into and/or burned with a burner in or in the vicinity of the fluidized bed material outside the furnace (10). As an additional aspect of the disclosed solution, the combustible gas may be produced with a gasifier (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for treating waste material including organic components and radioactive agents. In the apparatus the waste material including organic components and radioactive agents are gasified at temperature between 600-950° C. in a fluidized bed reactor to form a gaseous material. The gaseous material is than cooled in a water quenching device so that temperature is between 300-500° C. after the cooling. The solid fraction including radioactive agents is removed from the gaseous material in a in at least one filtration device. A gas scrubbing device then removes sulphur by scrubbing the treated gaseous material after the filtration in order to form a treated gaseous material.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for cleaning a stream. The apparatus having at least one hot filtration device, which includes a filter vessel and at least one filter candle located inside the filter vessel, an inlet of medium in an upper part of the filter vessel for supplying the medium including particles to the filter vessel, an outlet of the medium in the bottom part for discharged the medium from the filter vessel, a moving bed including the medium which is arranged in the vessel so that the filter candle is inside the moving bed, at least one feed inlet for supplying the stream to the filter vessel, and at least one gas outlet for supplying a purified gas out from the filter vessel.

Abstract: The solution comprises a method of and a system for maintaining steam temperature and therefore electricity production efficiency with decreased loads of a steam turbine power plant comprising a fluidized bed boiler (12) and a fluidized bed superheater (2) adapted to superheat steam supplied to a steam turbine (3). According to the solution, the steam temperature may be maintained by providing, outside a furnace (10), additional heating to the fluidized bed material in its outer circulation, thereby increasing the amount of thermal energy available in the fluidized bed material to be transferred in the fluidized bed superheater (2) to the steam supplied to the steam turbine (3). Such additional heating may be performed by selectably supplying combustible gas with nozzles (111) into and/or burned with a burner in or in the vicinity of the fluidized bed material outside the furnace (10). As an additional aspect of the disclosed solution, the combustible gas may be produced with a gasifier (4).

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for cleaning a stream. The apparatus having at least one hot filtration device, which includes a filter vessel and at least one filter candle located inside the filter vessel, an inlet of medium in an upper part of the filter vessel for supplying the medium including particles to the filter vessel, an outlet of the medium in the bottom part for discharged the medium from the filter vessel, a moving bed including the medium which is arranged in the vessel so that the filter candle is inside the moving bed, at least one feed inlet for supplying the stream to the filter vessel, and at least one gas outlet for supplying a purified gas out from the filter vessel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating waste material having organic components and radioactive agents. The method including the steps of gasifying the waste material at temperature between 600-950° C. in a reactor to form a gaseous material. The gaseous material is cooled to a temperature between 300-500° C., after the cooling the solid fraction including the radioactive agents are removed.

Abstract: A process for treating a raw material containing aluminum or a similar metal melting at a low temperature and organic matter, including metal separation, particularly intended for the treatment of liquid container rejects consisting of aluminum foil, polymer material and possible fibre residues in order to recover the aluminum and to utilise the organic matter as a fuel. The raw material is introduced in a bubbling fluidised bed, where the organic matter is gasified at a temperature higher than the melting point of the metal present. The gas removed from the fluidised bed and the entrained metal are subsequently cooled to a temperature below the melting point of metal by admixing a cooling medium such as water in the gas flow. The solid metal particles are eventually separated from the gas e.g. with a cyclone and the gas flow is possibly filtered before combustion.

Abstract: A transfer and nursing system for a patient, including a lifting frame having a pair of opposing sides formed by profile bars, the profile bars each having at least two grooves running longitudinally therein. A bearing arrangement is provided for suspending the lifting frame. A lifting sheet and an underlay element are detachably securable to the profile bars of the lifting frame by an arrangement for detachably securing the lifting sheet and the underlay sheet in the grooves of the profile bar so that a plurality of lifting sheets and underlay sheets can be attached to the frame.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for cutting off and guiding a strip cut from the edge of a paper web in a threading operation. The strip is released from a cylinder by blowing and is guided by pocket blowing so as to form a bag and is then cut off. The strip is conducted through an arrangement functioning as a draw-press, which pulls the strip against a cutting member of a cutting device in such a way that it is severed and the strip can immediately be transferred further.