Abstract: An electrical apparatus has an external conductive housing. A printed circuit board is provided (separate to a main circuit board of the apparatus) within a PCB housing. The printed circuit board is mechanically and electrically connected to the external housing and has an arc gap between a first contact which connects electrically to the external housing and a second contact which connects electrically to a power supply terminal. Thus, a dedicated circuit is used to perform a discharge function so that the housing and main circuit board do not need to be redesigned.

Abstract: An electrical apparatus has an external conductive housing. A printed circuit board is provided (separate to a main circuit board of the apparatus) within a PCB housing. The printed circuit board is mechanically and electrically connected to the external housing and has an arc gap between a first contact which connects electrically to the external housing and a second contact which connects electrically to a power supply terminal. Thus, a dedicated circuit is used to perform a discharge function so that the housing and main circuit board do not need to be redesigned.

Abstract: A LED driver comprises two output contacts (310, 311) and an additional contact (312) which enables detection of connection of the LED driver to a LED module (301). The LED driver has a normal current regulating mode and an open circuit protection voltage regulating mode. The LED driver is switched from the voltage regulating mode to the current regulating mode in response to the detection of connection of the LED module. This enables a LED module to be connected to the LED driver while it remains powered, in particular because the LED driver is placed in a voltage regulating mode prior to connection to the LED module.

Abstract: A LED driver comprises two output contacts (310, 311) and an additional contact (312) which enables detection of connection of the LED driver to a LED module (301). The LED driver has a normal current regulating mode and an open circuit protection voltage regulating mode. The LED driver is switched from the voltage regulating mode to the current regulating mode in response to the detection of connection of the LED module. This enables a LED module to be connected to the LED driver while it remains powered, in particular because the LED driver is placed in a voltage regulating mode prior to connection to the LED module.

Abstract: A luminaire (10) is disclosed comprising a housing (20) having a metal section (21) and incorporating an electrical component arrangement including a printed circuit board (40) having a first major surface carrying at least one light engine and a second major surface opposite the first major surface; a heatsink (30) exposed within said metal section, the heatsink having a further major surface facing the second major surface; an electrically insulating layer (50) in between the further major surface and the second major surface and having a margin (51) extending beyond each of the second major surface and the further major surface by a minimum width (W), said margin being separated from the metal section by an air gap having a minimum height (H); and at least one electrically insulating fixing arrangement (90, 100, 110) extending through the printed circuit board and the electrically insulating layer securing the printed circuit board to the metal section.

Abstract: A luminaire (10) is disclosed comprising a housing (20) having a metal section (21) and incorporating an electrical component arrangement including a printed circuit board (40) having a first major surface carrying at least one light engine and a second major surface opposite the first major surface; a heatsink (30) exposed within said metal section, the heatsink having a further major surface facing the second major surface; an electrically insulating layer (50) in between the further major surface and the second major surface and having a margin (51) extending beyond each of the second major surface and the further major surface by a minimum width (W), said margin being separated from the metal section by an air gap having a minimum height (H);; and at least one electrically insulating fixing arrangement (90, 100, 110) extending through the printed circuit board and the electrically insulating layer securing the printed circuit board to the metal section.

Abstract: A luminaire (10) is disclosed with built-in surge protection. The luminaire comprises an electrically conductive structure including a carrier (11) carrying at least one active circuit component (15, 16) and a shielding element (13) at least partially covering the carrier inside a housing, a set of active conductors (17, 19) connected to the active circuit component for connecting the active circuit component to a mains supply including a neutral (N) and live (L) terminal, wherein one of said terminals is further connected to the shielding element by a connection (19?) bypassing the at least one active circuit. The housing comprises a cover (21) over the electrically conductive structure, wherein the shielding element defines a clearance (25) between the electrically conductive structure and the cover, said clearance comprising a pinch point (27) between the shielding element and the cover.

Abstract: A luminaire (10) is disclosed with built-in surge protection. The luminaire comprises an electrically conductive structure including a carrier (11) carrying at least one active circuit component (15, 16) and a shielding element (13) at least partially covering the carrier inside a housing, a set of active conductors (17, 19) connected to the active circuit component for connecting the active circuit component to a mains supply including a neutral (N) and live (L) terminal, wherein one of said terminals is further connected to the shielding element by a connection (19?) bypassing the at least one active circuit. The housing comprises a cover (21) over the electrically conductive structure, wherein the shielding element defines a clearance (25) between the electrically conductive structure and the cover, said clearance comprising a pinch point (27) between the shielding element and the cover.