Abstract: A method is provided for treating a warm-blooded animal having a susceptible bacterial infection which comprises administering orally to said animal a non-toxic, antibacterially effective amount of acetoxymethyl ester of (5R,6S)-2(5R,6S)-2-carbamoyloxymethyl-6-[1(R)-hydroxyethyl]-2-penem-3-carb oxylic acid.

Abstract: Antibacterial compounds of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein, R.sub.1 ' is alkyl or hydroxyalkyl;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a carboxy protecting group; andY' is a group-S-heterocyclic or pyridyl, which group may be substituted, and pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salts thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same.

Abstract: A new process is described for the preparation of (5R)-penem derivatives of the general formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a carboxy protecting group and Y represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or an organic group. A 2-thiacephem derivative of the general formula II: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and Y have the meanings/given above is oxidized by means of organic peracids to the corresponding sulphone of the general formula III: ##STR3## which is subsequently submitted to a desulphurative ring contraction by extrusion of SO.sub.2 to give exclusively the desired (5R)-penem derivatives of the general formula I.

Abstract: A process for preparing 2-methyl substituted penems useful as antibiotics agent and/or as intermediates thereof, by reacting an appropriate 1-imido-3,4-disubstituted azetidinone derivative with a trivalent organophosphorus compound in an inert solvent at a temperature of from 110.degree. to 150.degree. C. for a period of from 2 hours to a few days.

Abstract: Penem derivatives are disclosed characterized by a substituted pyridiniomethyl group in the 2-position of the penem nucleus. The compounds of the present application exhibit better antibacterial activity than other known penem derivatives.

Abstract: A new process is described for the preparation of (5R)-penem derivatives of the general formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a carboxy protecting group and Y represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or an organic group. A 2-thiacephem derivative of the general formula II: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and Y have the meanings/given above is oxidized by means of organic peracids to the corresponding sulphone of the general formula III: ##STR3## which is subsequently submitted to a desulphurative ring contraction by extrusion of SO.sub.2 to give exclusively the desired (5R)-penem derivatives of the general formula I.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an organic group;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a carboxy protecting group; andY is a group-S-heterocyclic, acyloxy, alkoxy, alkylthio, pyridyl, which group may be substituted, or azido, and penem derivatives falling within the scope of formula (I) and pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salts thereof.The process involves displacing a group L in the Y position with a reagent Y-H.

Abstract: There are disclosed .beta.-lactam-containing compounds of the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, trichloroethyl, acetonyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, benzidryl or a residue that will undergo metabolic activation "in vivo" and have favorable pharmacokinetic properties; R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, cycloalkyl, or hydroxyalkyl, with the alcoholic function of the hydroxyalkyl being free or protected; Z is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, amino, carbamoyloxy, mercapto, pyridinium, OR.sup.2, OCOR.sup.2, NHCOR.sup.2, or SR.sup.3 wherein each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is any of lower alkyl, aryl, or a heterocyclic ring, each of which may be substituted or unsubstituted, and n is 0 or 1. The compounds have broad spectrum antibacterial activity and .beta.-lactamase inhibiting activity. Processes for the production of the .beta.-lactam-containing compounds and various intermediates in the production of those compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of a penem derivative of formula I ##STR1## wherein n=0 or 1; R is a carboxy protecting group or H;R.sub.1 is hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group substituted or unsubstituted, or lower alkoxy; andR.sub.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, carbamoyl N-substituted by lower alkyl or unsubstituted, or an acyl group;and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.These processes allow one to prepare stereospecifically only 5R derivatives, and are characterized by R.sub.2 -introduction at a very late stage in the synthesis, thereby enabling a great number of compounds of formula I to be prepared.Penem derivatives are useful antibacterial agents.

Abstract: There are disclosed .beta.-lactam-containing compounds of the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, trichloroethyl, acetonyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, benzidryl or a residue that will undergo metabolic activation "in vivo" and have favorable pharmacokinetic properties; R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, cycloalkyl, or hydroxyalkyl, with the alcoholic function of the hydroxyalkyl being free or protected; Z is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, amino, carbamoyloxy, mercapto, pyridinium, OR.sup.2, OCOR.sup.2, NHCOR.sup.2, or SR.sup.3 wherein each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is any of lower alkyl, aryl, or a heterocyclic ring, each of which may be substituted or unsubstituted, and n is 0 or 1. The compounds have broad spectrum antibacterial activity and .beta.-lactamase inhibiting activity. Processes for the production of the .beta.-lactam-containing compounds and various intermediates in the production of those compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to 7-oxo-4-thia-1-aza-bicyclo-[3,2,0]-heptane derivatives, to processes for their synthesis from esters of penicillanic acid 1-oxide, and to intermediate compounds obtained in the synthesis.More particularly, the present invention relates to new and novel compounds of formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, trichloroethyl, benzyl, p-nitrobenzyl, diphenylmethyl, acetoxymethyl, pivaloyloxymethyl, phthalidyl, trimethylsilyl or a group of formula ##STR2## and R.sup.1 is --CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 OCOR.sup.2, --CH.sub.2 OR.sup.3, --COOR.sup.2, --CHO, --CH.sub.2 SH, --CH.sub.2 SR.sup.4, --CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 NHCOR.sup.2 in which R.sup.2 is an alkyl having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, aryl, aralkyl or a five- or six-membered heterocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms; R.sup.3 is an alkyl having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, benzyl, trityl, trialkylsilyl; and R.sup.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the manufacture of azetidinones related to nocardicin having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, .alpha.-aminobenzyl, benzyl, free or substituted phenyl, or a free or substituted heterocyclic;R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, trimethylsilyl, trichloroethyl, benzhydryl or benzyl; andR.sub.2 is a free or substituted phenyl, or a free or substituted heterocyclic, using the same starting compound, but with the possibility of proceeding to the final compound via two somewhat different routes. A number of novel intermediates are also disclosed.

Abstract: 7.beta.-acylamino-7.alpha.-methoxy-3-pyrazinylthiomethyl-cephalosporins and their intermediates having high resistance toward .beta.-lactamase enzymes, as well as good antibacterial activity and processes for preparation thereof.

Abstract: A new process is disclosed for the preparation of compounds of structure: ##STR1## and are as defined herein characterized in that a compound of structure ##STR2## where R and R.sup.1 have the meanings given herein, is reacted in a suitable solvent with a haloamide in the presence of a metal oxide or a haloamide in the presence of a free radical initiator under the influence of light or heat or alternatively with a halogen in the presence of a metal oxide, to give a compound of structure: ##STR3## where R and R.sup.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing compounds of structure: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydroxyl, alkoxy with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, trichloroethoxy, benzyloxy, p-methoxybenzyloxy, p-nitrobenzyloxy, benzhydryloxy, triphenylmethoxy, phenacyloxy, or p-halophenacyloxy;Z is hydrogen, hydroxyl, --O-alkyl, --O--CO-alkyl, --Br, --I, --N.sub.3, --O--CO--CH.sub.3, O--CO--NH.sub.2, or an S-mononuclear heterocyclic ring,Starting from ##STR2## where R is hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cyano-methyl, thienyl-methyl, furyl-methyl, naphthyl-methyl, phenyl-methyl, phenoxy-methyl, phenyl-isopropyl, phenoxy-isopropyl, pyridyl-4-thiomethyl, or tetrazolyl-1-methyl;R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are lower alkyl, a mononuclear aryl ring, CN, a mononuclear heterocyclic ring or the radicals --COR.sup.4, --COOR.sup.4, ##STR3## --CONHR.sup.4, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together represent ##STR4## where T represents ##STR5## and R.sup.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of azetidinone-thiazoline precursors for cephalosporin synthesis.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing azetidonethiazolidines of the formula ##STR1## where R and V are defined herein below, wherein a compound of the structure ##STR2## dissolved in a suitable solvent, is treated at about 0.degree. C with a solution of preferably anhydrous hydrochloric acid in a lower aliphatic alcohol with a slight excess of sodium cyanoborohydride.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of a compound of the formula ##STR1## where R and R.sup.1 are defined herein below, wherein a compound of the structure; ##STR2## is reacted in a suitable solvent with a haloamide in the presence of a metal oxide or a haloamide in the presence of a free radical initiator under the influence of light or heat or alternatively with a halogen in the presence of a metal oxide, to give a compound of the structure; ##STR3## which compound, in a suitable solvent is reacted with a suitable nucleophilic reagent to obtain the compound; ##STR4## which compound is then subjected to allylic halogenation to give a compound of the structure; ##STR5## which is then reacted with a reducing agent to yield I.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing cephalosporins of structure: ##STR1## where R is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cyano-methyl-, thienyl-methyl, furyl-methyl-, naphthyl-methyl-, phenyl-methyl-, phenoxy-methyl-, phenyl-isopropyl-, phenoxy-isopropyl-, pyridyl-4-thiomethyl-, and tetrazolyl-1-methyl;R.sup.1 is selected from the class consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, trichloroethoxy-, benzyloxy-, p-methoxy-benzyloxy-, p-nitrobenzyloxy-, benzhydryloxy-, triphenylmethoxy-, phenacyloxy-, and p-halophenacyloxy;Z is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, --O--alkyl, --O--CO--alkyl, --Br, --I, --N.sub.3, --NH.sub.2, --O--CO--CH.sub.3, --O--CO--NH.sub.2 and an --S--mononuclear nitrogen heterocyclic ring;Wherein a compound of structure: ##STR2## is reacted in a suitable solvent at a temperature between -20.degree. C and +80.degree.

Abstract: A process for preparing cephalosporins of structure: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, cyano-methyl-, thienyl-methyl, furyl-methyl-, naphthyl-methyl-, phenyl-methyl-, phenoxy-methyl-, phenyl-isopropyl-, phenoxy-isopropyl-, pyridyl-4-thiomethyl-, and tetrazolyl-1-methyl;R.sup.1 is hydroxyl, C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkoxy, trichloroethoxy-, benzyloxy-, p-methoxy-benzyloxy-, p-nitrobenzyloxy-, benzhydryloxy-triphenylmethoxy-, phenacyloxy-, and p-halophenacyloxy;Z is hydrogen, hydroxyl, --O--alkyl, --O--CO--alkyl, --Br, --I, --N.sub.3, --NH.sub.2, --O--CO--CH.sub.3, --O--CO--NH.sub.2 and an --S--mononuclear nitrogen heterocyclic ring;Wherein a compound of structure ##STR2## is reacted in a suitable solvent at a temperature between -20.degree. C and +80.degree. C, in the presence of an aqueous organic or inorganic acid with an azoderivative of the formula: ##STR3## where R.sup.2 and R.sup.