Abstract: Surface fluorination process of lithium metal using elemental fluorine. Thereby, a uniform surface layer of LiF free of impurities is formed over the entire surface of the Li metal. This highly reproducible treatment can also be carried out on a large scale, making it possible to obtain a material which can be advantageously used as an anode in a lithium battery, since it ensures significantly higher performance than those obtained not only by using lithium metal as an anode, but also lithium metal anodes provided with a LiF layer, in which the formation of the LiF layer is formed in situ by organic or inorganic fluorine agents.

Abstract: A modified carbonaceous material having chemically bound on its surface at least one fluoropolyoxyalkylene chain (chain Rf) and a process for the modification of a carbonaceous material [material (C)]. The process comprises: contacting the material (C) with a (per)fluoropolyether peroxide comprising at least one peroxidic moiety comprised between sp3 carbon atoms and at least one fluoropolyoxyalkene chain (chain Rf), i.e. a fluorocarbon segment comprising ether linkages in main chain [peroxide (P)]; and heating the material (C) while in contact with the peroxide (P) at a temperature exceeding decomposition temperature of the peroxide (P).

Abstract: A modified carbonaceous material having chemically bound on its surface at least one fluoropolyoxyalkylene chain (chain Rf) and a process for the modification of a carbonaceous material [material (C)]. The process comprises: contacting the material (C) with a (per)fluoropolyether peroxide comprising at least one peroxidic moiety comprised between sp3 carbon atoms and at least one fluoropolyoxyalkene chain (chain Rf), i.e. a fluorocarbon segment comprising ether linkages in main chain [peroxide (P)]; and heating the material (C) while in contact with the peroxide (P) at a temperature exceeding decomposition temperature of the peroxide (P).