Abstract: A turbo oil possessing improved rust inhibiting properties is provided by adding to the turbo oil base stock minor amounts of monobasic aminophosphates and dicarboxylic acids. The use of the recited combination produces unexpected superior rust resistance performance as compared to use of the individual components. The turbo oil benefitted by the additive is preferably a polyol ester-based oil.

Abstract: A synthetic ester base stock having reduced deposit formation which comprises the reaction product of technical pentaerythritol and a mixture of carboxylic acids. The mixture of carboxylic acids comprises (1) at least one C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 carboxylic acid having 6 or less reactive hydrogens, (2) at least one C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 carboxylic acid having 6 or less reactive hydrogens and (3) at least one C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 carboxylic acid having 6 or more reactive hydrogens.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor for use in synthetic ester lubricating oils is disclosed which comprises an effective amount of:1. at least one aromatic amide; and2. at least one hydroxy substituted aromatic compound.The corrosion inhibitor thus formed is particularly useful in synthetic ester turbo lubricating oils.

Abstract: There is a disclosed an improved lubricating oil dispersant suitable for both gasoline engine and diesel engine lubricating oil, the dispersant being prepared in a sequential process whereby a polyolefin succinic anhydride is reacted first with an alkylene polyamine and subsequently with maleic anhydride of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkenyl or alkyl succinic anhydride to provide a diimide dispersant having a final mole ratio of 2.3 to 3.0 moles of anhydride per mole of polyamine.

Abstract: An additive for alkanol-containing fuels is disclosed which has improved lubricating and wear characteristics. The additive comprises an ester of a monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition having improved friction reducing properties and the method of reducing friction in internal combustion engines by lubricating said engines with said lubricating oil which contains an effective friction reducing amount of a selected hydroxyamide compound.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions which contain polycarboxylic acid-glycol esters as friction modifiers in combination with hydrocarbon soluble alkenyl succinimide dispersants with reduced tendency toward formation of sediment upon storage through addition of small proportions of polyol or polyol anhydride partial ester of a fatty acid or an ethoxylated fatty acid, amine or amide stabilizer. Glycerol oleates are preferred stabilizer additive.

Abstract: Alkenyl succinimide or borated alkenyl succinimide dispersants as exemplified by a polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride - alkylene polyamine reaction product are substantially improved in their dispersancy properties in diesel engines by treating such dispersants at elevated temperatures with an oil-soluble strong acid, such as an alkaryl sulfonic acid or a phosphoric acid, such as a dialkyl monoacid phosphate. The treated dispersants are included in conventional lubricating oil formulations.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions which contain polycarboxylic acid-glycol esters as friction modifiers in combination with hydrocarbon soluble borated or non-borated alkenyl succinimide dispersant and especially those also containing metal additives are stabilized against tendency of such components to form sediment upon storage through addition of small proportions of a co-dispersant being an oil-soluble hydrocarbyl substituted mono or bis-oxazoline or lactone oxazoline.

Abstract: Alkenyl succinimide or borated alkenyl succinimide dispersants as exemplified by a polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride-alkylene polyamine reaction product are substantially improved in their dispersancy properties in diesel engines by treating such dispersants at elevated temperatures with an oil-soluble strong acid, such as an alkaryl sulfonic acid or a phosphoric acid, such as a dialkyl monoacid phosphate. The treated dispersants are included in conventional lubricating oil formulations.

Abstract: A polymeric substance, i.e. poly(isomerized C.sub.12 -C.sub.50 monoolefin), alone or as the alkylation derivative of an aromatic compound in combination with a lubricating oil pour depressant having pendant alkyl groups of 6 to 32 carbon atoms are useful in improving the cold flow properties of distillate hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: Oil-soluble polyol ester reaction products of C.sub.6 -C.sub.10,000 hydrocarbon substituted C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid materials, e.g. alkenyl succinic anhydride, have been readily produced under solution reaction conditions characterized by conducting said reaction in the presence of at least a filtration suppressing insolubles reducing amount of a hydrocarbon soluble metal salt of a hydroxy aromatic compound, e.g. an alkaline earth metal alkyl phenate or naphtholate, preferably an overbased calcium sulferized phenate whereby the filtration suppressing insolubles resulting from said reaction is markedly reduced to less than 1 vol. %, the product solution haze is less than 30 nephelos and as a consequence thereof the filtration of the reaction product solution is facilitated.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing oil-soluble derivatives of unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid materials, e.g. the product of the reaction of polyisobutylene and maleic anhydride, under Ene reaction conditions characterized in that said Ene reaction is conducted under acidic conditions as by conducting said reaction in the presence of from 0.01 to 5 wt. %, based on total weight of the reactants, of an oil-soluble strong organic acid containing a hydrogen dissociating moiety which has a pK of less than about 4.0, as exemplified by a C.sub.15 to C.sub.76 hydrocarbyl-substituted sulfonic acid, whereby sediment resulting from said Ene reaction is markedly reduced to less than 1 wt. %.

Abstract: Ethylene polymers or copolymers, which are pour depressants for middle distillate fuel, in combination with a second polymer having alkyl groups of 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and derived from either dicarboxylic acid esters or olefins, are useful in improving the cold flow properties of middle distillate fuel oils wherein a portion, e.g., 5 wt. % or more, of the fuel boils above 700.degree. F.

Abstract: Oil soluble ethylene polymers or copolymers having a M.sub.n greater than about 4000 in combination with an oil soluble polyester material such as a homopolymer or copolymer, comprising at least 10% by weight C.sub.4 to C.sub.16 substantially straight-chain alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, are useful in improving the cold flow properties of distillate hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: Oil soluble ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers having a M.sub.n less than about 4000 in combination with an oil soluble polyester material, such as a homopolymer or copolymer, comprising at least 10% by weight C.sub.14 to C.sub.16 substantially straight-chain alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, are useful in improving the cold flow properties of distillate hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: Oil soluble ethylene polymers or copolymers having a M.sub.n less than about 4000 in combination with an oil soluble polyester material such as a homopolymer or copolymer comprising, at least 10% by weight C.sub.4 to C.sub.16 substantially straight-chain alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, are useful in improving the cold flow properties of distillate hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: Polymers of 1,000 to 50,000 and preferably of 1,000 to 2,900 number average molecular weight, comprising 3 to 40 molar proportions of ethylene per molar proportion of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, are prepared by free radical catalysis in a solvent at temperatures of less than 130.degree. C. in order to minimize ethylene branching, for use as wax crystal modifying agents, e.g. pour depressants and flow improvers for distillate mineral oil, e.g. middle distillate fuel oil.

Abstract: Additive combinations of (A) ethylene-containing polymers, e.g. copolymers of about 4 to 30 molar proportions of ethylene copolymerized with an unsaturated ester, with: (B) beeswax, (C) ozokerite wax, and/or (D) long chained .alpha.-olefins are cold flow improvers for middle-distillate petroleum fuels.

Abstract: Ethylene polymers in combination with an oil-soluble sulfone copolymer having a (Mn) of from about 800 to 500,000 improve the cold flow properties of distillate hydrocarbon oils.