Abstract: A hydrogel comprising water, and a plurality of titanium-silica-chromium nanoparticle agglomerates, wherein each titanium-silica-chromium nanoparticle agglomerate is an agglomeration of titanium-silica-chromium nanoparticles, the agglomerates having an average titanium penetration depth designated x with a coefficient of variation for the average titanium penetration depth of less than about 1.0 wherein a silica content of the hydrogel is of from about 10 wt. % to about 35 wt. % based on a total weight of the hydrogel.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions containing a metallocene compound, a solid activator, and a co-catalyst, in which the solid activator or the supported metallocene catalyst has a d50 average particle size of 15 to 50 ?m and a particle size distribution of 0.5 to 1.5, can be contacted with an olefin in a loop slurry reactor to produce an olefin polymer. A representative ethylene-based polymer produced using the catalyst composition has excellent dart impact strength and low gels, and can be characterized by a HLMI from 4 to 10 g/10 min, a density from 0.944 to 0.955 g/cm3, a higher molecular weight component with a Mn from 280,000 to 440,000 g/mol, and a lower molecular weight component with a Mw from 30,000 to 45,000 g/mol and a ratio of Mz/Mw ranging from 2.3 to 3.4.

Abstract: Supported chromium catalysts containing a solid oxide and 0.1 to 15 wt. % chromium, in which the solid oxide or the supported chromium catalyst has a particle size span from 0.5 to 1.4, less than 3 wt. % has a particle size greater than 100 ?m, and less than 10 wt. % has a particle size less than 10 ?m, can be contacted with an olefin monomer in a loop slurry reactor to produce an olefin polymer. Representative ethylene-based polymers produced using the chromium catalysts have a HLMI of 4 to 70 g/10 min, a density from 0.93 to 0.96 g/cm3, from 150 to 680 ppm solid oxide (such as silica), from 1.5 to 6.8 ppm chromium, and a film gel count of less than 15 catalyst particle gels per ft2 of 25 micron thick film and/or a gel count of less than or equal to 50 catalyst particles of greater than 100 ?m per five grams of the ethylene polymer.

Abstract: Polymerization processes for producing ethylene-based plastomers and elastomers having densities less than 0.91 g/cm3 utilize a metallocene-based catalyst system containing a chemically-treated solid oxide. These polymerization processes can be conducted in a slurry reactor, a solution reactor, and/or a gas phase reactor. Ethylene polymers produced from the polymerization process can be characterized by a density of less than 0.91 g/cm3, a CY-a parameter of less than 0.2, and a ratio of HLMI/MI of at least 30, or a density less than 0.91 g/cm3, a CY-a parameter from 0.25 to 0.75, and a ratio of Mw/Mn from 2 to 3.

Abstract: A method comprising contacting a silica support with a titanium-containing solution to form a titanated silica support, wherein the titanium-containing solution comprises a titanium compound, a solvent, and an amino acid. Also disclosed are olefin polymerization catalysts and pre-catalyst compositions thereof and methods of preparing olefin polymerization catalysts and pre-catalyst compositions thereof.

Abstract: A method comprising contacting a silica support with a titanium-containing solution to form a titanated silica support, wherein the titanium-containing solution comprises a solvent; a ligand comprising a glycol, a carboxylate, a peroxide, or a combination thereof, and a titanium compound having the formula Ti(acac)2(OR)2, wherein “acac” is acetylacetonate and wherein each R independently is ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, isobutyl, or n-butyl.

Abstract: A method of preparing a catalyst comprising a) drying a chrominated-silica support followed by contacting with a titanium(IV) alkoxide to form a metalized support, b) drying a metalized support followed by contacting with an aqueous alkaline solution comprising from about 3 wt. % to about 20 wt. % of a nitrogen-containing compound to form a hydrolyzed metalized support, and c) drying the hydrolyzed metalized support followed by calcination at a temperature in a range of from about 400° C. to about 1000° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 400° C. to about 1000° C. for a time period of from about 1 minute to about 24 hours to form the catalyst.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing a water-soluble titanium-silicon complex are disclosed herein. The titanium-silicon complex can be utilized to produce titanated solid oxide supports and titanated chromium supported catalysts. The titanated chromium supported catalysts subsequently can be used to polymerize olefins to produce, for example, ethylene based homopolymer and copolymers.

Abstract: Methods for determining the catalytic activity of an activated chemically-treated solid oxide using a color measurement technique are described, and these methods are integrated into transition metal-based catalyst preparation processes and systems, as well as into olefin polymerization processes and related polymerization reactor systems.

Abstract: Catalyst deactivating agents and compositions containing catalyst deactivating agents are disclosed. These catalyst deactivating agents can be used in methods of controlling polymerization reactions, methods of terminating polymerization reactions, methods of operating polymerization reactors, and methods of transitioning between catalyst systems.

Abstract: A method of preparing a catalyst comprising a) contacting a non-aqueous solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a chromium-containing compound to form an acidic mixture; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound with the acidic mixture to form a titanium treatment solution; c) contacting a pre-formed silica-support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water with the titanium treatment solution to form a pre-catalyst; and d) thermally treating the pre-catalyst to form the catalyst. A method of preparing a catalyst comprising a) contacting a non-aqueous solvent and a carboxylic acid to form an acidic mixture; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound with the acidic mixture to form a titanium treatment solution; c) contacting a pre-formed chrominated silica-support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water with the titanium treatment solution to form a pre-catalyst; and d) thermally treating the pre-catalyst to form the catalyst.

Abstract: Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed in which the hydrocarbon reactant and a supported transition metal catalyst—containing molybdenum, tungsten, or vanadium—are irradiated with a light beam at a wavelength in the UV-visible spectrum, optionally in an oxidizing atmosphere, to form a reduced transition metal catalyst, followed by hydrolyzing the reduced transition metal catalyst to form a reaction product containing the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound.

Abstract: A hydrogel comprising water, and a plurality of titanium-silica-chromium nanoparticle agglomerates, wherein each titanium-silica-chromium nanoparticle agglomerate is an agglomeration of titanium-silica-chromium nanoparticles, the agglomerates having an average titanium penetration depth designated x with a coefficient of variation for the average titanium penetration depth of less than about 1.0 wherein a silica content of the hydrogel is of from about 10 wt. % to about 35 wt. % based on a total weight of the hydrogel.

Abstract: A method comprising contacting a silica support with a titanium-containing solution to form a titanated silica support, wherein the titanium-containing solution comprises a solvent; a ligand comprising a glycol, a carboxylate, a peroxide, or a combination thereof; and a titanium compound having the formula Ti(acac)2(OR)2, wherein “acac” is acetylacetonate and wherein each R independently is ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, isobutyl, or n-butyl.

Abstract: A method of preparing a catalyst comprising a) drying a chrominated-silica support followed by contacting with a titanium(IV) alkoxide to form a metalized support, b) drying a metalized support followed by contacting with an aqueous alkaline solution comprising from about 3 wt. % to about 20 wt. % of a nitrogen-containing compound to form a hydrolyzed metalized support, and c) drying the hydrolyzed metalized support followed by calcination at a temperature in a range of from about 400° C. to about 1000° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 400° C. to about 1000° C. for a time period of from about 1 minute to about 24 hours to form the catalyst.

Abstract: A hydrogel comprising water, and a plurality of titanium-silica nanoparticle agglomerates, wherein each titanium-silica nanoparticle agglomerate is an agglomeration of titanium-silica nanoparticles, the agglomerates having an average titanium loading designated x with a coefficient of variation for the average titanium loading of less than about 1.0, wherein a silica content of the hydrogel is of from about 10 wt. % to about 35 wt. % based on a total weight of the hydrogel.

Abstract: A pre-catalyst composition comprising: a) a silica support comprising silica wherein an amount of silica is in a range of from about 70 wt. % to about 95 wt. % based upon a total weight of the silica support; b) a titanium-containing compound wherein an amount of titanium is in a range of from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % based upon a total weight of the silica within the pre-catalyst composition; c) a chromium-containing compound wherein an amount of chromium is in a range of from about 0.01 wt. % to about 10 wt. % based upon a total weight of the silica within the pre-catalyst composition; d) a surfactant wherein the surfactant comprises a non-ionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, or a combination thereof; e) a carboxylate wherein the carboxylate comprises a multi carboxylate, an alpha-hydroxy carboxylate, or a combination thereof; and f) a solvent.

Abstract: A method for an olefin polymerization catalyst comprises contacting a silica support or a chromium-silica support with titanium to produce a Cr/Si—Ti catalyst. A titanium-containing solution is used to facilitate the association of titanium with the support, wherein the titanium-containing solution is formed by contacting a solvent, an amino acid, optionally a peroxide, optionally a carboxylate and a titanium-containing compound. A method for preparation of an olefin polymerization catalyst comprises contacting a chromium-silica support with the titanium-containing solution under conditions suitable to form a pre-catalyst composition and further processing the pre-catalyst composition to produce a Cr/Si—Ti catalyst.

Abstract: A method comprising contacting a silica support with a titanium-containing solution to form a titanated silica support, wherein the titanium-containing solution comprises a titanium compound, a solvent, and an amino acid. The method further comprising drying the titanated silica support to form a pre-catalyst composition; contacting a chromium-containing compound with the silica support, the titanated silica support, the pre-catalyst composition, or combinations thereof; and calcining the pre-catalyst composition to form an olefin polymerization catalyst.

Abstract: Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed, and these processes include the steps of forming a supported chromium catalyst comprising chromium in a hexavalent oxidation state, irradiating the hydrocarbon reactant and the supported chromium catalyst with a light beam at a wavelength in the UV-visible spectrum to reduce at least a portion of the supported chromium catalyst to form a reduced chromium catalyst, and hydrolyzing the reduced chromium catalyst to form a reaction product comprising the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound. The supported chromium catalyst can be formed by heat treating a supported chromium precursor, contacting a chromium precursor with a solid support while heat treating, or heat treating a solid support and then contacting a chromium precursor with the solid support.