Abstract: A coupling system for a telecommunication exchange installation is described having a plurality of interconnected binary switching matrices. Each switching matrix has at least two row and two column lines with means for connecting row lines to column lines. A plurality of connection lines form input and output lines for the system of interconnected switching matrix. The interconnection arrangement for the interconnected switching matrices is such that a row line of at least one multiple is connected to a row line of another multiple or a connection line. The other row line of the one switching matrix is connected to a column line of another switching matrix or to a connection line. One column line of the one switching matrix is connected to a column line of another switching matrix or to a connection line. The other column line of the one switching matrix is connected to a row line of another switching matrix or to a connection line.

Abstract: A telecommunications network arranged in a hierarchical manner establishes synchronism between operation of pulses at different locations within the network, by sensing a predetermined phase deviation between a master pulse train and a locally produced pulse train, correcting the deviation by adjusting the phase of the locally produced pulse train, determining the time between required corrections of the phase of the locally produced pulse train, and adjusting the control voltage of the master oscillator for the locally produced pulse train in response to the time interval between successive corrections of the phase of the locally produced pulse train.

Abstract: A time division multiplex (TDM) switching network having TDM switching units which, through time position conversion, selectively assign time slots on connected TDM lines is described. The TDM lines are formed into a matrix, the crosspoints of which are connected by the TDM aforementioned switching units. The TDM switching units have a fixed traffic capacity which is defined by the maximum number of time slot connections that the switching units are capable of making between the TDM lines connected thereto. The fixed traffic capacity of the switching units is dependent on the size of the TDM switching network but smaller than the maximum rated traffic capacity of the TDM lines. As a result, in the event the TDM switching network is expanded, the fixed traffic capacity of the additional TDM switching units can be progressively reduced.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement is described for the reception and transmission of switching data associated with communication signals being transmitted to or from an exchange in a telecommunication system. In the system the signals are transmitted between exchanges by pulse code modulation techniques. Each exchange is provided with separate receiving/transmitting devices for the communication signals and the switching data signals, and each communication receiver/transmitter has a switching data receiver/transmitter assigned thereto. The latter are connected to a common control unit.

Abstract: A PCM TDM switching network has a time-space-time structure composed of switch-through units which, being interlaced and released on a time basis, each operate a plurality of TDM transmission lines and TDM intermediate lines which connect the switch-through units to one another. The units effect both the time-wise and spatial assignment of time channels seized on incoming TDM lines to time channels seized on outgoing TDM lines by means of time slot conversion. The TDM transmission and the TDM intermediate lines are, in each case, connected as groups, by way of separate concentrator and distributor circuits and super-multiplex lines connected thereto which carry the interlaced items of information to the transmission memory of the relevant switch-through unit.

Abstract: A time division multiplex (TDM) switching network for a telecommunications system or the like is described. The network contains switching network units for causing time slots formed on connected TDM lines to be assigned on a space/time division basis. The TDM lines are formed into trunk groups, and the trunk groups, respectively, form the row and column lines of a matrix. The switching network units are arranged at the crosspoints of the trunk groups to form the crosspoint switching elements between the intersecting trunk groups or between lines of the same trunk group. Each switching network unit is constructed to have a capacity for completing a number of connections less than the number of connections the crosspoint with which it is associated is capable of carrying.

Abstract: In illustrated embodiments, at least one analogue shift register has a number of parallel inputs and one series output. A number of individual evaluating circuits receive the signal to be filtered and supply respective output quantities of charge equal to the product of the difference between the relevant signal value and a predetermined minimum or maximum value, and a respective individual evaluation factor. The output of each evaluating circuit can be connected via a switching element to an associated parallel input. The capacity of every storage position of the shift register is at least such that it is always able to accommodate the maximum quantity of charge supplied by the preceding storage position, and when the storage position has a parallel input, can additionally accommodate the maximum quantities of charge supplied by the associated evaluating circuit (s). Various modifications are disclosed for reducing the space requirement of a transversal filter when implemented, for example, as a CCD.

Abstract: A TDM/PCM switching network comprising a plurality of time and spatial switching circuits associated with different groups of TDM lines. The present invention is primarily concerned with the manner in which these time and spatial switching circuits are arranged to transmit PCM words from a particular origin route to a given destination route. The spatial switching circuits each include intermediate storage means having a plurality of individual storage positions which are individually assigned to a predetermined destination route in the switching network. Time slots on the TDM lines are divided into a plurality of time intervals each associated with a particular TDM line of the group of TDM lines connected to the time circuit. Time slots are transmitted to the spatial switching circuit which includes a holding storage for allocating the PCM signal contained in the time intervals of a particular time slot to an intermediate storage according to the time slot or time channel itself.

Abstract: Apparatus for converting analog to digital signals and vice versa is described wherein a storage capacitor provided at an input of a codec operating in accordance with the iterative method and designed for receiving analog signals to be converted into digital signals is further connected either to a constant current generator or to the digital-to-analog converter of the codec for a period during which a voltage may be applied to the capacitor which correponds to a digital signal that is to be converted into an analog signal and that has been applied to the digital-to-analog converter. A two-wire circuit transmitting analog signals in both directions of transmission is connected to the storage capacitor. The resonance-exchange-of-charge method is used for the transmission of the analog signals.

Abstract: A pulse code modulation, time division multiplex (PCM/TDM) switching network is used in tandem exchanges for connecting receive and transmit trunks and for allocating receive time slots to time slots to be used on the transmit trunks is described. A storage is assigned to each pair of associated receive and transmit trunks. The storage includes storage areas which are selectively connectable to the associated pairs of trunks. A storage location used for a call is seized sequentially during each sampling pulse frame with data coming in over the receive trunk as well as with data outgoing over the transmit trunk. Inputs and outputs of the storage areas not connectable to the trunks are combined with coordinated inputs or outputs of the storage areas of other similar storages. Information output and input likewise takes place selectively over the combined inputs or outputs.

Abstract: A telecommunication switching network having a multistage reversed trunking arrangement and switching on a four wire basis is described. A number of single channel subscriber lines is connectible to a first switching stage. The number of subscriber lines equals the product of e . v . g where g equals the number of groups into which the subscriber lines are divided, v equals the number of subgroups into which each group is divided and e equals the number of terminals in each subgroup, or the number of termination coupling circuits in that group. A time division multiplex trunk having a number z time slots connects each subgroup of termination circuits to a second switching stage. A total of z . v . g connection channels extend between the first and second switching stages. The first switching stage includes conductor cross switching apparatus for error-free switching.

Abstract: A technique of reducing "crosstalk" in transmission lines for time multiplex pulse communication, by insertion of artificial compensating networks having an impedance varying with frequency in opposite sense as compared with the natural impedance of the line. The values of the elements of the network are determined by transmitting a pulse over the line and determining the distortion to that pulse.

Abstract: A timing circuit for use in pulse code modulation, time division multiplex switching networks is described. The switching networks are a part of a time division multiplex telecommunication system wherein each call uses the same time slot on the incoming and outgoing lines. The timing circuit has a number of word-organized storage locations equal to the number of PCM words per pulse frame and an equal number of address memory locations individually assigned to the aforementioned storage locations. The word-organized storage locations are found by blocks of shift registers connected in series. Each block in the series is connected over the non-operating positions or rest positions of pairs of simultaneously actuated switches to the next succeeding block. In their operating positions the switches connect the shift registers to the conductors of a service trunk system. The address memory locations are formed from a second series-connected shift register group connected to form a ring.