Abstract: A drinker base for supplying water for animals is disclosed with a substantially annular outer chamber, a substantially annular middle chamber, a substantially annular inner chamber, a first set of threads for accepting a container device, the first set of threads disposed on an outer surface of the substantially annular middle chamber, a second set of threads disposed on an inner surface of the substantially annular middle chamber, a third set of threads disposed on an inner surface of the substantially annular inner chamber, a first port configured to transfer water between the substantially annular inner chamber to the substantially annular middle chamber, and a second port configured to transfer water between the substantially annular middle chamber substantially annular middle chamber to the substantially annular outer chamber.

Abstract: Macrocarriers with flat surface areas which can be easily suspended in liquid using low power input will improve cell attachment and growth in bioreactors. Such macrocarriers can be consistently manufactured to exact size specifications, which can significantly reduce the risk of contamination by small size particulates. The macrocarriers may be flat discs or squares with central bumps on each face to prevent stacking. The macrocarriers may also have outward curved wings from two or four sides to facilitate distribution in moving solution.