Abstract: A phased array antenna comprising: a substrate; a plurality of circular polarized wideband antenna elements disposed on the substrate, wherein each element comprises two orthogonal feeds; wherein the plurality of elements are organized into subarrays and physically oriented such that constituent elements of each subarray are sequentially rotated with respect to each other about respective axes that are perpendicular to a surface of the substrate so as to allow RHCP and LHCP transmission and reception; a phase shifter communicatively coupled to the feeds of all the elements and configured to electronically any dynamically compensate for phase regression or progression introduced by the sequential rotation of the elements without relying on physical transmission lines of different dimensions, and further configured to introduce a progressive phase shift across a beam steering plane to enable beam steering of the phased array antenna.

Abstract: A phased array antenna comprising: a substrate; a plurality of circular polarized wideband antenna elements disposed on the substrate, wherein each element comprises two orthogonal feeds; wherein the plurality of elements are organized into subarrays and physically oriented such that constituent elements of each subarray are sequentially rotated with respect to each other about respective axes that are perpendicular to a surface of the substrate so as to allow RHCP and LHCP transmission and reception; a phase shifter communicatively coupled to the feeds of all the elements and configured to electronically any dynamically compensate for phase regression or progression introduced by the sequential rotation of the elements without relying on physical transmission lines of different dimensions, and further configured to introduce a progressive phase shift across a beam steering plane to enable beam steering of the phased array antenna.

Abstract: A target spar. A left jaw member. The left guidance portion has a left spiral curve. The left arm portion has a left arm profile, a left arm gear, and a left arm protrusion. A right jaw member. The right guidance portion has a right spiral curve. The right arm portion comprises a right arm gear and a right arm protrusion. A top plate member. A bottom plate member. A drive unit comprising an electric motor within a pressure housing. A drive shaft on the electric motor. The bottom plate member abuts the left jaw member, the right jaw member, and the top plate member. The left jaw member and the right jaw member opened and closed. At the closed position, the target spar is slidably received in the left and right jaw members, the top and bottom plate members, and abuts the left and right arm profiles.

Abstract: A system comprising a series of at least two benthic microbial fuel cells (BMFC), wherein each BMFC comprises an anode electrically connected to a cathode, and wherein for each BMFC there is a first and second comparator configured to monitor BMFC voltage to determine if the voltage falls below one of two present thresholds. The output of the first comparator is electrically connected to the BMFC via a switch and the output of the second comparator is electrically connected to a pulse width monitor (PWM) block via a switch. A DC/DC converter is electrically coupled to each BMFC and configured to transfer energy stored in each BMFC to a battery, wherein the DC/DC converter is driven by the PWM block.

Abstract: A system comprising a series of at least two benthic microbial fuel cells (BMFC), wherein each BMFC comprises an anode electrically connected to a cathode, and wherein for each BMFC there is a first and second comparator configured to monitor BMFC voltage to determine if the voltage falls below one of two present thresholds. The output of the first comparator is electrically connected to the BMFC via a switch and the output of the second comparator is electrically connected to a pulse width monitor (PWM) block via a switch. A DC/DC converter is electrically coupled to each BMFC and configured to transfer energy stored in each BMFC to a battery, wherein the DC/DC converter is driven by the PWM block.

Abstract: A rotational energy harvesting apparatus includes a rotor of magnets and a ring of linear-based kinetic energy harvesters. The rotor of magnets is fixed to a rotational source and is caused to sweep past the linear-based kinetic energy harvesters. The rotating magnets compel kinetic energy to be induced in the linear-based kinetic energy harvesters. The kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy.