Abstract: A glassmelting method employing reducing and oxidizing conditions generated by defined combustion arrangements enabling the processing of glassmaking materials while reducing NOx emissions which would otherwise result from, for example, niter decomposition. The NOx is reduced to nitrogen under the reducing conditions and kept from reforming in the oxidizing zone.

Abstract: An oxidant injector for a burner having a nozzle with a surface prescribing a continuous function enabling laminar flow of secondary oxidant over the nozzle surface which functions simultaneously to take heat off, and to prevent exothermic free radical recombinations from occurring proximate, the nozzle surface.

Abstract: A Process for combusting sulfur vapor released from a sulfur bearing material, comprising:(a) introducing a sulfur bearing material into a furnace having a combustion zone;(b) ejecting at least one fuel stream with or without a substoichiometric amount of at least one primary oxidant stream and combusting said at least one fuel stream with the substoichiometric amount of the primary oxidant stream or ambient gas in the combustion zone to produce heat sufficient to release some sulfur vapor from the sulfur bearing material and to form combustion products containing unburned fuel;(c) ejecting at least one secondary oxidant stream angled away or spaced from the fuel stream and primary oxidant stream;(d) causing a recirculating flow within the combustion zone to dilute at least a portion of the combustion products, secondary oxidant, sulfur vapor, unburned fuel and ambient gas in the furnace; and(e) combusting the sulfur vapor and the unburned fuel with said secondary oxidant.

Abstract: A method for endothermically dissociating contaminated acid wherein high velocity oxidant causes a recirculation flow within a combustion zone and combusts with fuel to release heat and wherein the heat is efficiently applied by the internal recirculation to the acid for endothermic dissociation of the acid.