Abstract: Target chemicals are monitored at very low concentrations in pipelines or vessels such as storage tanks using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of a sample. A liquid sample having a target chemical such as biocides, corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors, anti-foaming agents, emulsion breakers, and hydrate inhibitors are tested while exposed to a prepared and charged surface of a coupon so as to draw the target material to the prepared and charged surface. The charged surface is fairly precisely charged using two other electrodes to calibrate the charge on the surface of the coupon. With the target substance presumably drawn to the coupon, the molecules on the surface of the coupon are excited by monochromatic light such as from a laser to induce vibrations within the molecules.

Abstract: Target chemicals are monitored at very low concentrations in pipelines or vessels such as storage tanks using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of a sample. A liquid sample having a target chemical such as biocides, corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors, anti-foaming agents, emulsion breakers, and hydrate inhibitors are tested while exposed to a prepared and charged surface of a coupon so as to draw the target material to the prepared and charged surface. The charged surface is fairly precisely charged using two other electrodes to calibrate the charge on the surface of the coupon. With the target substance presumably drawn to the coupon, the molecules on the surface of the coupon are excited by monochromatic light such as from a laser to induce vibrations within the molecules.

Abstract: A test cell comprises a test chamber at least partially enclosed by a wall. The test chamber holds a test fluid, and a test material is placed within the test chamber such that at least a portion of the test material is contact with the test fluid and at least a portion of the test material is in optical register with a window of the wall. A first conductive element is in electrical communication with the test fluid but is separated from the test material by a space, and extends to an outside of the cell. A second conductive element is in electrical communication with the test material and also extends to the outside of the cell.

Abstract: Target chemicals are monitored at very low concentrations in pipelines or vessels such as storage tanks using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of a sample. A liquid sample having a target chemical such as biocides, corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors, anti-foaming agents, emulsion breakers, and hydrate inhibitors are tested while exposed to a prepared and charged surface of a coupon so as to draw the target material to the prepared and charged surface. The charged surface is fairly precisely charged using two other electrodes to calibrate the charge on the surface of the coupon. With the target substance presumably drawn to the coupon, the molecules on the surface of the coupon are excited by monochromatic light such as from a laser to induce vibrations within the molecules.

Abstract: A method of analyzing an effect of a first substance on the behavior of a second substance comprises exposing a test material to the first substance, performing a first surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of the test material while it is exposed to the first substance, exposing the test material to the first substance and to the second substance, and performing a second surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of the test material while it is exposed to the first substance and to the second substance. Results of the first and second analyses are compared to identify a change in the behavior of the first substance.

Abstract: A method of analyzing an effect of a first substance on the behavior of a second substance comprises exposing a test material to the first substance, performing a first surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of the test material while it is exposed to the first substance, exposing the test material to the first substance and to the second substance, and performing a second surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of the test material while it is exposed to the first substance and to the second substance. Results of the first and second analyses are compared to identify a change in the behavior of the first substance.

Abstract: A test cell comprises a test chamber at least partially enclosed by a wall. The test chamber holds a test fluid, and a test material is placed within the test chamber such that at least a portion of the test material is contact with the test fluid and at least a portion of the test material is in optical register with a window of the wall. A first conductive element is in electrical communication with the test fluid but is separated from the test material by a space, and extends to an outside of the cell. A second conductive element is in electrical communication with the test material and also extends to the outside of the cell.

Abstract: A process is provided to produce a dialkenyl-tricyclic-nonaromatic/olefin polymer. The process comprises contacting at least one dialkenyl-tricyclic-nonaromatic compound, at least one olefin, at least one titanium complex, and at least one aluminoxane in a polymerization zone under polymerization conditions to form the dialkenyl-tricyclic-nonaromatic/olefin polymer.

Abstract: A process is provided to produce a dialkenyl-tricyclic-nonaromatic/olefin polymer. The process comprises contacting at least one dialkenyl-tricyclic-nonaromatic compound, at least one olefin, at least one titanium complex, and at least one aluminoxane in a polymerization zone under polymerization conditions to form the dialkenyl-tricyclic-nonaromatic/olefin polymer.

Abstract: A chemometric method for predicting unknown properties in polymers using an on-line NMR system comprising the steps of producing a predictive data set and using the predictive data set to obtain unknown amounts of properties in a polymer. In a preferred embodiment, the process begins by obtaining free induction decays for samples of polypropylene with measured concentrations of xylene soluble polypropylene from a xylene soluble polypropylene data set to produce a free induction decay data set. The free induction decay data set is analyzed using PCA to produce a principle component data set. The principle component data set, the xylene soluble polypropylene data set, and the free induction decay data set, are analyzed using partial-least squares analysis to produce a training data set and the training data set is subsequently validated to produce a predictive data set.

Abstract: A chemometric technique for predicting styrene content in Butadiene-Styrene resin (K-Resin) using an on-line NMR system comprising the steps of producing a predictive data set and using the predictive data set to obtain unknown concentrations of styrene in samples of K-Resin. The predictive data set is generated by obtaining free induction decays for samples of K-Resin with measured concentrations of styrene to produce a free induction decay data set; analyzing the free induction decay data set using PCA to produce a principle component data set; analyzing the styrene concentrations, the free induction decay data set and the principle component data set using PLS to produce a training data set; and validating the training data set to produce a predictive data set. Using the predictive data set involves the steps of obtaining free induction decays of samples of K-Resin with unknown concentrations of styrene and applying the free induction decays to the predictive data set to predict the unknown concentrations.