Abstract: A pressure bag (1) has a bag-like shape including an opening (11) at one end thereof and a bottom portion (12) on the opposite side to the opening (11). The pressure bag (1) has a double structure in which an inner sheet (20) and an outer sheet (30) are laid one on top of the other so that the outer sheet (30) is located on the opposite side of the inner sheet (20) from the housing chamber (10). A pressure chamber (15) is provided between the inner sheet (20) and the outer sheet (30). All of the inner sheet (20), the outer sheet (30), and the pressure chamber (15) extend from one side to the other side of the housing chamber (10) via the bottom portion (12).

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium is used in a magnetic recording and reproducing device in which a reproduction bit size S is 40,000 nm2 or less, and a numerical value of a residual magnetic flux density Brvertical, which is expressed in a unit G, in a vertical direction of the magnetic recording medium is X or more. The X is a value calculated as X = -0.01S + 1550.

Abstract: The magnetic tape includes a non-magnetic support, and a magnetic layer including a ferromagnetic powder. The number of recesses having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.30 ?m to 0.60 ?m existing on a surface of the magnetic layer is 10 to 600 per 40 ?m×40 ?m area, and a standard deviation ? of the number of recesses in a width direction on the surface of the magnetic layer is 100 or less.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic recording and reproducing device including, in a sealed space in the magnetic recording and reproducing device: a magnetic tape; and a magnetic head are provided, in which a relative humidity difference (RHC-RHB) between a relative humidity RHB in the sealed space measured in an environment of a temperature of 21° C. and a relative humidity of 50% and a relative humidity RHC in the sealed space measured in an environment of a temperature of 60° C. and a relative humidity of 5% is within ±10%.

Abstract: A magnetic tape cartridge includes a magnetic tape in which a plurality of servo patterns are recorded along a longitudinal direction, and a storage medium that is configured to store servo format information including servo pattern inclination information which is information on an inclination of the servo pattern with respect to a first imaginary straight line.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus includes a circuitry capable of controlling a vehicle. The circuitry is configured to estimate a traffic risk score, a travel risk score, and a driving ability score. The circuitry is configured to change a first threshold, with which automated vehicle attitude stability control is initiated, so as to promptly execute the automated vehicle attitude stability control when a travel risk is not avoided by the driving ability, change a second threshold, with which automatic entry avoidance control is initiated, so as to promptly execute the automatic entry avoidance control when the traffic risk is not avoided by the driving ability, and control the vehicle to travel on a target travel route when the traffic risk and the travel risk are not avoided by the driving ability or when the driving ability is lower than a specified level.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus including circuitry configured to set a driving performance request in the given environments; determine whether driving performance of each of plural driving functions of a driver satisfies the driving performance request; and identify the driver's driving function that does not satisfy the driving performance request. On condition that an insufficient function is identified or the driving performance request is not satisfied, to realize the driving performance request, the circuitry is configured to perform at least one of controlling the vehicle such that the vehicle performs the identified insufficient function instead and providing the driver with an appropriate information so that the identified insufficient function close to a level of the driving performance request.

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium includes a non-magnetic support; and a magnetic layer including a ferromagnetic powder, in which one or more kinds of component selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid and a fatty acid amide are included in a portion of the magnetic layer side on the non-magnetic support, and a C—H derived C concentration calculated from a C—H peak surface area ratio in C1s spectra obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis performed on a surface of the magnetic layer at a photoelectron take-off angle of 10 degrees, after pressing the magnetic layer at a pressure of 70 atm is 45 atom % or more.

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium includes: a non-magnetic support; a magnetic layer that includes ferromagnetic powder on one surface side of the non-magnetic support; and a back coating layer that includes non-magnetic powder on the other surface side of the non-magnetic support, in which a difference between a spacing measured on a surface of the back coating layer by optical interferometry under a pressure of 0.5 atm after n-hexane cleaning and a spacing measured on the surface of the back coating layer by optical interferometry under a pressure of 13.5 atm after n-hexane cleaning is 12 nm or more.

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium includes a non-magnetic support; a magnetic layer that includes ferromagnetic powder on one surface side of the non-magnetic support; and a back coating layer that includes non-magnetic powder on the other surface side of the non-magnetic support, in which a difference between a spacing measured on a surface of the back coating layer by optical interferometry under a pressure of 0.5 atm after n-hexane cleaning and a spacing measured on the surface of the back coating layer by optical interferometry under a pressure of 13.5 atm after n-hexane cleaning is 3 nm or less.

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium includes a non-magnetic support, and a magnetic layer containing a ferromagnetic powder in which the ferromagnetic powder is ?-iron oxide powder, and a coefficient of friction measured on a base part of a surface of the magnetic layer after pressing the magnetic layer at a pressure of 90 atm is 0.35 or less.

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium includes a non-magnetic support; and a magnetic layer including a ferromagnetic powder, in which one or more kinds of component selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid and a fatty acid amide are included in a portion of the magnetic layer side on the non-magnetic support, and a C—H derived C concentration calculated from a C—H peak surface area ratio in C1s spectra obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis performed on a surface of the magnetic layer at a photoelectron take-off angle of 10 degrees, after pressing the magnetic layer at a pressure of 70 atm is 45 atom % or more.

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium includes a non-magnetic support; a magnetic layer that includes ferromagnetic powder on one surface side of the non-magnetic support; and a back coating layer that includes non-magnetic powder on the other surface side of the non-magnetic support, in which a difference between a spacing measured on a surface of the back coating layer by optical interferometry under a pressure of 0.5 atm after n-hexane cleaning and a spacing measured on the surface of the back coating layer by optical interferometry under a pressure of 13.5 atm after n-hexane cleaning is 3 nm or less.

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium includes: a non-magnetic support; a magnetic layer that includes ferromagnetic powder on one surface side of the non-magnetic support; and a back coating layer that includes non-magnetic powder on the other surface side of the non-magnetic support, in which a difference between a spacing measured on a surface of the back coating layer by optical interferometry under a pressure of 0.5 atm after n-hexane cleaning and a spacing measured on the surface of the back coating layer by optical interferometry under a pressure of 13.5 atm after n-hexane cleaning is 12 nm or more.

Abstract: Methods are described for construction of long synthetic arrays of DNA repeats, such as alphoid repeats or other repeat sequences. The methods include concatamerization of DNA into short repeats (for instance using rolling circle amplification or directional in vitro ligation), followed by assembling the short repeats into long arrays by homologous recombination during transformation into microbe cells. These methods can be described generally as Recombinational Amplification of Repeats (RAR). The long arrays are engineered centromere-like regions that allow one to construct mammalian artificial chromosomes with a predefined centromeric region structure. Artificial chromosomes, including human artificial chromosomes with a regulated centromere, and methods of their use are also provided.

Abstract: Methods are described for construction of long synthetic arrays of DNA repeats, such as alphoid repeats or other repeat sequences. The methods include concatamerization of DNA into short repeats (for instance using rolling circle amplification or directional in vitro ligation), followed by assembling the short repeats into long arrays by homologous recombination during transformation into microbe cells. These methods can be described generally as Recombinational Amplification of Repeats (RAR). The long arrays are engineered centromere-like regions that allow one to construct mammalian artificial chromosomes with a predefined centromeric region structure.