Abstract: A combination product containing (a) dihydroxyacetone, (b) hydroquinone, and (c) a volatile amine that is capable of removing oxygen and neutralizing carbon dioxide in industrial waters, particularly boiler waters, including boiler feed waters, internal boiling waters, condensate waters, and return waters. The combination product preferably contains weight ratios of ingredients (a):(b):(c) ranging from 1:0.01:0.1 to about 1:1:100, and may additionally contain a filming amine.

Abstract: A method of improving the SO.sub.2 scrubbing efficiency of flue gas desulfurization scrubbers which comprises treating the scrubbers during the scrubbing operations with a dibasic carboxylic acid and an oil-soluble surfactant combined in a weight ratio of at least 1:3.

Abstract: A carboxylic acid which has a pK.sub.a within the range of 2 to 7 and the ability to increase the effective alkalinity of fly ash for flue gas desulfurization. Carboxylic acid may be combined with adjuvants. Generally carboxylic acids with dispersant properties are preferred. Adjuvants which enhance the dispersant qualities of carboxylic acid are desirable.

Abstract: Gypsum scale inhibitors useful under wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) scrubber temperature and pH conditions. The gypsum inhibitors advantageously prevent or minimize gypsum scale formation and crystal growth in mist eliminator wash water and in the scrubber internals. Specific inhibitors contemplated include copolymers of modified acrylic acid/acrylamide; acrylic acid/vinyl acetate; acrylic acid/maleic anhydride; acrylic acid/acrylate ester; and combinations thereof. In addition, gypsum scale inhibitors comprising phosphonate-polymer blends of hexamethylene diamine tetra (methylene phosphonic acid) salts and polymaleate, poly(acrylic acid/ethylacrylate), poly(acrylic acid/N-methoxypropyl acrylamide/acrylamide), poly(acrylic acid/N-propyl acrylamide/acrylamide), and combinations thereof are also contemplated.

Abstract: Sulfate-reducing bacteria present in industrial waste waters can be controlled by using hydrogen peroxide in combination with non-oxidizing organic biocides known to be effective against sulfate-reducing bacteria.

Abstract: Sulfate-reducing bacteria present in industrial waste waters can be controlled by using either the biocide glutaraldehyde or a blend of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate and disodium ethylene bisdithiocarbamate.

Abstract: The SO.sub.2 scrubbing efficiency of flue gas desulfurization scrubbers is improved when the scrubbing is conducted in the presence of a water-soluble nitrite salt.

Abstract: A method of preventing scale and deposit formation on the surfaces of mist eliminators in wet scrubber flue gas desulfurization systems which utilize intermittent wash cycles which comprises coating the surfaces of these mist eliminators with a thin coating of talc.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method of improving the constitution of boiler water by adding thereto an effective amount of a copper transport agent which is either rubeanic acid or a low molecular weight polymer of polypiperazine methyl-para-hydroxysulfonic acid or polypiperazine methyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid. The copper transport agent satisfactorily separates the copper from iron, calcium, magnesium and other heavy metals with a high degree of selectivity. The chelant may be added in a ratio of 100/1 to 10/1 chelant/copper and an advantageous ratio in the case of the polymer is 50/1 ppm active polymer to 1 ppm Cu. The chelants, which form a soluble chelate with Cu, is capable of removing Cu through boiler blowdown in an operating, layup or cleanup boiler. This adds an anti-corrosion factor to the galvanized boiler corrosion.

Abstract: Stable, oil dispersible, aqueous dispersions of magnesium hydroxide useful as deposit control additives for residual fuels can be prepared. These slurries, of magnesium hydroxide contain generally:(A) 20-70% Mg(OH).sub.2 having a particle size of 50 to 1.0 micron;(B) 79-29% water;(C) 1.0-8.0% of a water-in-oil emulsifying agent having an HLB value of from 2 to 11;(D) 0.1-6% of a water soluble water-in-oil emulsifying agent having an HLB value of from 10 to 40;Said dispersion having a Brookfield Viscosity of from 100-5000 cps. (#3 spindle at 12 rpm, 75.degree. F.

Abstract: A highly stable metal oxide oil slurry useful in reducing slag, facilitating removal of deposits from boiler tubes, and reducing corrosion on the heating surfaces of boilers has been developed. Such a slurry consists essentially of about 50% by weight magnesium oxide or the entity of magnesium oxide and alumina oxide, together with an oil-soluble emulsifier such as alkanolamide and preferably ethanolamide, or an alkanol with a carbon chain greater than a C.sub.3 alcohol, an oil-soluble dispersant such as a C.sub.12 -C.sub.22 entity selected from an unsaturated or saturated fatty acid; e.g., oleic acid. Also, as a constituent is an anionic surfactant such as magnesium lauryl sulfate in an oil base such as No. 2 fuel oil. The alkanolamide is fashioned from heating alkanolamines and fatty acids either in a 1:1 ratio or 2:1 ratio. The reactant amino alcohol is in the range C.sub.10 -C.sub.24. The alcohol itself is greater than C.sub.3 and up to C.sub.16, with a preferred range C.sub.12 -C.sub.16.