Abstract: Method and plants expressing increased levels of Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is described. The nucleic acid molecule encoding BChE is operably linked to a promoter preferentially expressing to the endosperm cells of the plant, another embodiment expression is targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum of plant cell(s), to the cell wall of the plant cell(s) or both.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are provided for converting lignocellulosic biomass to concentrated sugars. For example, a saccharification process includes obtaining lignocellulosic biomass and converting the lignocellulosic biomass into sugars. The lignocellulosic biomass is converted into sugars by flowing the lignocellulosic biomass countercurrently to a flow of water through a saccharification vessel having a column and converting the lignocellulosic biomass into a sugar solution using an enzyme in the column.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are polymeric materials such as a coating, a plastic, a laminate, a composite, an elastomer, an adhesive, or a sealant; a surface treatment such as a textile finish or a wax; a filler for such a polymeric material or a surface treatment that includes an enzyme such as an esterase (e.g., a lipolytic enzyme, a sulfuric ester hydrolase, an organophosphorus compound degradation enzyme), an enzyme (e.g., a lysozyme, a lytic transglycosylase) that degrades a cell wall and/or a cell membrane component, a biocidal or biostatic peotide, and/or a peptidase. Also disclosed herein are methods of altering a material's property such as service life, flexability, or rigidity, by incorporation of an enzyme into a material capable of being chemically crosslinked by the activity of a lipolytic enzyme, a hydrolase, and/or a urease.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a coating, a textile finish, a wax, elastomer, a filler, an adhesive, or a sealant, as well as polymeric materials such as a plastic, a laminate, a composite, that includes an enzyme that degrades cell wall or cell membrane components (e.g., a lysozyme, lytic transgrycosylase) alone or in combination with other enzymes such as a lipolytic enzyme, a sulfuric ester hydrolase, an organophosphorus compound degradation enzyme, or an antimicrobial peptide. Also disclosed herein are methods of retarding or preventing microbial growth on or in a coating, paint, textile finish, wax, elastomer, adhesive, sealant, filler, or a polymeric material, where such a surface material includes an enzyme that degrades cell wall or cell membrane components (e.g., a lysozyme, lytic transgrycosylase).