Abstract: Disclosed are pigment particles prepared by a process which comprises (a) preparing a solution of a polyalkylene oxide compound in water; (b) preparing a solution of a cationic dye in water; (c) admixing the solution containing the polyalkylene oxide compound with the solution containing the cationic dye to form a mixture; (d) adding to the mixture a solution containing a heteropolyacid in water, an alcohol, or a mixture thereof, thereby resulting in formation of pigment particles having an average particle diameter of no more than about 300 nanometers; and (e) after addition of the heteropolyacid to the mixture, neutralizing the mixture by addition of a base. Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to an ink composition comprising water and the aforementioned pigment particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition which comprises water, an acid dye, a monovalent salt, a polyquaternary amine compound, and an optional nonionic or cationic surfactant, said ink being substantially free of organic solvents. The ink is particularly suitable for applications such as ink jet printing and marking pens. The disclosed inks in some embodiments are substantially indelible. Also disclosed is a composition for removing the ink compositions from substrates to which they have been applied which comprises water and a dianionic surfactant, optionally further containing a salt, urea, and/or a viscosity building agent such as a gum.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyester-imide resin of the formula ##STR1## wherein n represents the number of segments present and is a number of from about 10 to about 10,000; R' is alkyl or alkylene; and R is independently an oxyalkylene or a polyoxyalkylene by the reaction of trimellitic acid, or a trimellitic anhydride, a glycol and a diamine of the formula ##STR2## wherein R represents a hydrogen or alkyl group; and n represents the number of monomer segments, and is a number of from about 1 to about 10, and which reaction is accomplished by heating the aforementioned components.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of fluorescent toner compositions comprising(i) preparing a pigment dispersion in a solvent, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment or dye, an ionic surfactant and optionally a charge control agent;(ii) shearing the pigment dispersion with a latex mixture comprised of a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and resin particles, thereby causing a flocculation or heterocoagulation of pigment, resin particles and charge control agent to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates; and(iii) heating the statically bound aggregated particles to form said toner composition comprised of polymeric resin, pigment and optionally a charge control agent, and wherein the pigment or dye is excitable by ultraviolet light in the frequency range of from about 254 to about 366 nanometers and fluoresces in the visible spectrum of from about 400 to about 700 nanometers.

Abstract: A process comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion comprised of pigment, ionic surfactant, and optional charge control agent;(ii) mixing at least two resins in the form of latexes, each latex comprising a resin, ionic and nonionic surfactants and optionally a charge control agent, and wherein the ionic surfactant has a countercharge to the ionic surfactant of (i) to obtain a latex blend;(iii) shearing said pigment dispersion with the latex blend of (ii) comprised of resins, counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;(iv) heating the above sheared blends of (iii) below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin, to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution; and(v) subsequently adding further anionic surfactant solution to minimize further growth of the bound aggregates (vi);(vi) heating said bound aggregates above about the glass transition temperature Tg of the r

Abstract: A toner comprised of pigment, and a polyimide-imine resin of the formula ##STR1## wherein m, and n represent the number of monomer segments; X is independently selected from the group consisting of a tetravalent aromatic, polyarylomatic or cycloaliphatic group with from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms and a cycloaliphatic group; R is independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene, oxyalkylene and polyoxyalkylene; and R' is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylene and arylene.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner compositions comprising:(i) forming a dispersion of resin in an aqueous ionic surfactant solution;(ii) preparing pigment dispersions in water of three different pigments each of a dissimilar color, each dispersion being comprised of a pigment dispersed in water and which preparation utilizes nonionic dispersants, and optionally an ionic surfactant;(iii) blending the prepared resin dispersed as a latex with two, or optionally three of the different color pigment dispersions of step (ii);(iv) adding an aqueous solution of counterionic surfactant as a coagulant to the formed resin-pigment blends, while continuously subjecting the mixture to high shear, to induce a homogeneous gel of the flocculated resin-pigments blend;(v) heating the above sheared gel at temperatures between about 20.degree. C. and about 5.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion in water, which dispersion is comprised of pigment, an ionic surfactant, and an optional charge control agent;(ii) shearing the pigment dispersion with a polymeric latex comprised of resin, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant, and which latex contains a nonionic surfactant thereby forming a homogeneous or a uniform blend;(iii) heating the above sheared homogeneous blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates;(iv) reshearing the above electrostatically bound toner aggregates (iii) to fragment or break down said toner aggregates of (iii) into smaller average diameter particle size;(v) heating the resulting formed sheared homogeneous blend (iv) comprised of resin, pigment particles, and the ionic, counterionic and nonionic surfactants in water below about the glass transition temperature (T

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner compositions comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion in water, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, an ionic surfactant and optionally a charge control agent;(ii) shearing the pigment dispersion with a latex blend comprised of resin particles, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant thereby causing a flocculation or heterocoagulation of the formed particles of pigment, resin and charge control agent to form a uniform dispersion of solids in the water, and surfactant;(iii) heating the above sheared blend at a critical temperature region about equal to or above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin, while continuously stirring, to form electrostatically bounded toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution and wherein said critical temperature is from about 0.degree. C. to about 10.degree. C.

Abstract: A toner composition comprised of pigment, and a polyesterimide resin of the formula ##STR1## wherein n represents the number of segments present and is a number of from about 10 to about 10,000; R' is alkyl or alkylene; and R is independently selected from the group consisting of an oxyalkylene and polyoxyalkylene.

Abstract: An ink jet printing process includes jetting an ink composition onto a substrate. The ink composition is an emulsion or suspension of an organic phase in a water phase, the organic phase including at least one of oil and wax.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition which comprises an aqueous liquid vehicle, a dye, and a cyclodextrin. The ink is particularly suitable for ink jet printing processes, especially thermal ink jet printing processes. Also disclosed is a process for generating images onto a substrate which comprises incorporating an ink composition comprising an aqueous liquid vehicle, a dye, and a cyclodextrin into an ink jet printing apparatus and causing droplets of the ink composition to be ejected in an imagewise pattern onto the substrate.

Abstract: An ink composition having a pH of about 5 to about 10 contains a colorant, a liquid carrier and less than about 5 wt. % of a desizing agent. The desizing agent may be (1) poly(oxyalkylene) modified compounds of sorbitan esters, fatty amines, alkanol amides, castor oil, fatty acid, fatty alcohol; (2) hydrophilic poly(dialkyl-siloxanes); (3) fatty imidazolines; (4) fatty ester modified compounds of phosphate, sorbitan, glycerol, poly(ethylene glycol), sulfosuccinic acid, sulfonic acid, alkyl amine; (5) quaternary alkosulfate compounds; (6) poly(propylene oxide)--poly(ethylene oxide) copolymers; (7) poly(alkylene glycol); or (8) mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid developer comprising a liquid medium, a charge control agent, a polymeric surfactant, and a colored core polymer. In one embodiment, the colored polymer is of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is selected from the group consisting of alkylene and arylene, B is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkylene groups, arylene groups, and polyether groups, D is selected from the group consisting of dioxyalkane and dioxyarene, x is a fraction number of from about 0.01 to 1.0, and y is a fraction number of from 0 to about 0.99, with x+y being equal to 1, and n representing the number of the monomer units.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition which comprises an aqueous liquid vehicle, a colorant, and a phosphate ester. The ink is particularly suitable for ink jet printing processes, especially thermal ink jet printing processes. The inks exhibit low viscosities and rapid drying times, particularly on plain paper. Also disclosed is a process for generating images onto a substrate which comprises incorporating an ink composition which comprises an aqueous liquid vehicle, a colorant, and a phosphate ester into an ink jet printing apparatus and causing droplets of the ink composition to be ejected in an imagewise pattern onto the substrate.

Abstract: Fast drying ink compositions contain a colorant, a dye, water and a cosolvent. Some of the ink compositions dry in less than about 1 second and have a viscosity of between about 1.6 and about 2.5 centipoise and a specified surface tension. Some of the ink compositions contain specified cosolvents, preferably a mixture of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether and glycerol.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polymers which comprises dissolving an emulsifier in a solvent, followed by heating the mixture formed; adding to the mixture an alkali persulfate initiator dissolved in a solvent; subsequently adding monomer thereto, which monomer is not miscible with said solvent, and wherein the monomer is added after a period of time of from about 1 second to about 60 minutes has elapsed after the addition of said dissolved initiator; and thereafter effecting polymerization.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition which comprises an aqeuous liquid vehicle and particles of an average diameter of 100 nanometers or less which comprise micelles of block copolymers of the formula ABA, wherein A represents a hydrophilic segment and B represents a hydrophobic segment, and wherein dye molecules are covalently attached to the micelles, said dye molecules being detectable when exposed to radiation outside the visible wavelength range. Optionally, silica is precipitated within the micelles. In a specific embodiment, the dye molecules are substantially colorless. In another specific embodiment, the ink also contains a colorant detectable in the visible wavelength range.

Abstract: An ink composition, preferably for ink jet printing, contains a liquid carrier, a colorant, and a polyalkyleneimine/alkylene oxide block copolymer, preferably polyethyleneimine/propylene oxide/ethylene oxide block copolymer, and/or a primary or secondary polyoxyalkylene amine.

Abstract: An ink composition which is especially useful for ink jet printing contains a colorant, a liquid carrier and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of meso-erythritol, RC(CH.sub.2 OH).sub.3 and salts thereof, wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of NH.sub.2 and alkyl.