Abstract: The present application provides an electrolyte solution for a sodium-ion battery, comprising a sodium salt of formula NaBOaFxRy?z, a fluoroalkyl ether, and other ethers except for the fluoroalkyl ether, wherein a, x, y, and z are as defined in the specification. The electrolyte solution according to the present application has good stability, particularly oxidation resistance and good solvability of sodium ions, thus broadening an electrochemical window of a corresponding sodium-ion battery, enhancing coulombic efficiency, and improving cycling performance and safety performance. The present application further provides a secondary battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electrical apparatus using the electrolyte solution for a sodium-ion battery.

Abstract: This application provides a sodium-ion battery electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution includes an ether compound as a solvent, a sodium borate compound as a sodium salt, and a borate ester compound as an additive, and a percentage of the ether compound in a total solvent of the electrolytic solution is 50 wt % or above. The electrolytic solution can inhibit battery volume expansion and sodium dendrite growing. This application further provides a sodium-ion battery including the electrolytic solution, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electrical device.

Abstract: Provided is a secondary battery including a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode plate includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer arranged on the positive current collector, and the positive active material layer contains a sodium ion active material. The negative electrode plate includes a negative current collector and a negative film layer arranged on at least one surface of the negative current collector, and the negative film layer contains a carbon material. The electrolyte is arranged between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, and the electrolyte contains a sodium borate.

Abstract: Provided is a secondary battery including a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode plate includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer arranged on the positive current collector, and the positive active material layer contains a sodium ion active material. The negative electrode plate includes a negative current collector and a metal film layer arranged on at least one surface of the negative current collector. A nucleation overpotential of sodium on the negative electrode plate is smaller than or equal to 35 mV. The electrolyte is arranged between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, and the electrolyte contains a sodium borate.

Abstract: Provided are an electrolyte solution, comprising an organic solvent, an electrolyte lithium salt, and an additive; wherein the organic solvent comprises a fluorinated solvent; the electrolyte lithium salt comprises a fluorine-containing sulfonylimide lithium salt; and the additive comprises a lithium halide salt. The electrolyte solution of the present application has good conductivity and flame retardancy, and a lithium-ion battery comprising the electrolyte solution has at least one of improved energy density, safety performance, output performance, and cycling performance.

Abstract: A battery pack and an electrical device including the same are described. The battery pack includes a battery cell at least partially immersed in a refrigerant; a case for accommodating the battery cell and the refrigerant and provided with an outlet and an inlet for the refrigerant; a circulating pipeline located outside the case, connecting the outlet and the inlet for the refrigerant to form a closed system; a heat exchanger and a condenser located on the circulating pipeline; a pressure measuring module provided with one end arranged inside the case and configured for detecting an internal pressure of the case; a temperature monitoring device for detecting a temperature of the battery cell and a fluorine-containing cooling medium in real time; and a battery control module for managing the battery cell; where the refrigerant includes at least a first fluorine-containing cooling medium and a second fluorine-containing cooling medium.

Abstract: A positive current collector, a secondary battery, and an electrical device are provided. In some embodiments, the positive current collector includes: a support layer; and a conductive layer located on at least one surface of the support layer, where the conductive layer includes a first metal portion configured to connect to a tab, where, along a thickness direction of the conductive layer, the first metal portion includes at least three sublayers, and melting points of the at least three sublayers rise stepwise in ascending order of distance from the support layer. In the embodiments of this application, the first metal portion includes at least three sublayers, and the melting points of the at least three sublayers rise stepwise in ascending order of distance from the support layer, thereby helping increase a bonding force between the conductive layer and the support layer and reducing the probability of peel-off and delamination between the layers.

Abstract: A positive current collector, a secondary battery, and an electrical device are provided. In some embodiments, the positive current collector includes: a support layer; and a conductive layer located on at least one surface of the support layer, where the conductive layer includes a first metal portion configured to connect to a tab, where, along a thickness direction of the conductive layer, the first metal portion includes at least three sublayers, and melting points of the at least three sublayers rise stepwise in ascending order of distance from the support layer. In the embodiments of this application, the first metal portion includes at least three sublayers, and the melting points of the at least three sublayers rise stepwise in ascending order of distance from the support layer, thereby helping increase a bonding force between the conductive layer and the support layer and reducing the probability of peel-off and delamination between the layers.

Abstract: A glass article is provided (and methods of making the same) that includes: a glass substrate comprising a thickness and a first primary surface; and a porosity-graded layer that extends from the first primary surface of the substrate to a first depth within the substrate. The first depth is from about 250 nm to about 3000 nm. The porosity-graded layer comprises a plurality of pores having an average pore size from about 5 nm to 100 nm. The article comprises a single-side average reflectance of less than 9% at an incident angle of 60 degrees across a spectrum from 350 nm to 2000 nm. Further, the porosity-graded layer comprises a surface porosity at the first primary surface and a bulk porosity at the first depth, the surface porosity greater than the bulk porosity.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic article is provided that includes a surface passivation layer. The passivation layer is an oxide layer and has a thickness of greater than or equal to 20 nm to less than or equal to 200 nm and a RMS surface roughness of less than or equal to 3 nm. The surface passivation layer may be formed with a liquid phase deposition process. The glass-ceramic article may include an easy to clean layer disposed on the surface passivation layer, and the glass-ceramic article may be chemically strengthened. The glass-ceramic article may be used in a consumer electronic product.