Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device equipped with flash memory, which includes memory in which at least one program is recorded and a processor for executing the program. The memory includes flash memory including a data area and a backup area, and the program divides data into two or more segments depending on whether the data can be stored in a single page and stores the same in the data area. The first segment is stored in a page along with a segment number, indicating the sequential position of the divided data, a segment offset, indicating the number of pages between the pages in which the current segment and the next segment are stored, the size of a data file name, the size of the data, and the file name. At least one additional segment may be stored in another page along with the segment number and segment offset thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a module and method for transmitting information using a wireless hidden signal, which is capable of transmitting important information data requiring extreme security using a wireless hidden signal, and allowing the important information to be detected and distinguished by only promised transmitting/receiving parties so that the possibility of the wireless hidden signal being discovered can be minimized and security can be enhanced. The module for transferring information using a wireless hidden signal includes: a hidden formatting unit configured to generate a transmission data frame structure based on data that needs to be wirelessly transmitted; a hidden encoding unit configured to encode the generated transmission data frame structure to generate and output a hidden encoded bit stream; and a hidden modulation unit configured to convert the output hidden encoded bit stream into a wireless signal in a wireless transmission format.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device equipped with flash memory, which includes memory in which at least one program is recorded and a processor for executing the program. The memory includes flash memory including a data area and a backup area, and the program divides data into two or more segments depending on whether the data can be stored in a single page and stores the same in the data area. The first segment is stored in a page along with a segment number, indicating the sequential position of the divided data, a segment offset, indicating the number of pages between the pages in which the current segment and the next segment are stored, the size of a data file name, the size of the data, and the file name. At least one additional segment may be stored in another page along with the segment number and segment offset thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for authenticating an IoT device. The method, performed by the IoT device authentication apparatus, includes transmitting, by the IoT device authentication apparatus, a random number to the IoT device and encrypting, by the IoT device authentication apparatus, the random number using a previously registered first white-box cryptography value through a white-box cryptography method; generating, by the IoT device, a first device response value from a previously registered first device challenge value using a Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) and encrypting, by the IoT device, the random number, received from the IoT device authentication apparatus, using the first device response value; and performing, by the IoT device authentication apparatus, authentication of the IoT device by checking whether the random number encrypted using the white-box cryptography method matches the random number encrypted using the PUF, which is received from the IoT device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for device authentication. The method for device authentication based on a certificate using a PUF, performed by an apparatus for device authentication based on a certificate using a PUF, includes acquiring previously stored first Challenge-Response-Pair (CRP) information corresponding to identification information received from a device that requests authentication and generating a certificate including a public key generated using the first CRP information; transmitting a message in which the certificate encrypted using the first response value of the first CRP information as a server secret key and the first challenge value of the first CRP information are included to the device; and authenticating the device by verifying an encrypted signature message received from the device through a secure channel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of generating secret information on the basis of a ring oscillator. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus for generating secret information on the basis of a ring oscillator, the apparatus including: multiple PUF information generation units each including at least one ring oscillator cell and generating physically unclonable function (PUF) information generated by the at least one ring oscillator cell; a phase checking unit cross-checking phases for the multiple pieces of the PUF information that are output from the multiple PUF information generation units, respectively; and a secret key generation unit outputting secret key information based on a result of comparing the multiple phases received from the phase checking unit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for authenticating an IoT device. The method, performed by the IoT device authentication apparatus, includes transmitting, by the IoT device authentication apparatus, a random number to the IoT device and encrypting, by the IoT device authentication apparatus, the random number using a previously registered first white-box cryptography value through a white-box cryptography method; generating, by the IoT device, a first device response value from a previously registered first device challenge value using a Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) and encrypting, by the IoT device, the random number, received from the IoT device authentication apparatus, using the first device response value; and performing, by the IoT device authentication apparatus, authentication of the IoT device by checking whether the random number encrypted using the white-box cryptography method matches the random number encrypted using the PUF, which is received from the IoT device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of operating an authentication server based on a Physical Unclonable Function (PUF), which includes transmitting a Challenge-Response Pair (CRP) update request message to a user device when a CRP update event occurs, receiving a CRP update response message from the user device in response to the CRP update request message, generating a secret key corresponding to the CRP update request message, decrypting the CRP update response message with the secret key, and updating a CRP corresponding to the secret key in a database using the decrypted CRP update response message.

Abstract: A secret information generation apparatus and a method for operating the secret information generation apparatus. The secret information generation apparatus includes a resistor-capacitor circuit, and a microcontroller unit including a first pin connected to an input terminal of the resistor-capacitor circuit and a second pin connected to an output terminal of the resistor-capacitor circuit, wherein the microcontroller unit is configured to transmit a digital value corresponding to a challenge to the resistor-capacitor circuit through the first pin, receive an output value of the resistor-capacitor circuit corresponding to the digital value through the second pin, convert the received value into a digital value using an analog-to-digital converter, extract one or more valid bits from the converted digital value, and then generate a response.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for generating secret information. The apparatus includes a data communication unit for receiving a request to output a content value and outputting the content value; and a microcontroller unit for generating a Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) response based on the content value, calculating the characteristic value of the PUF response, and generating secret information using the PUF response, the error of which is corrected using the characteristic value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of generating secret information on the basis of a ring oscillator. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus for generating secret information on the basis of a ring oscillator, the apparatus including: multiple PUF information generation units each including at least one ring oscillator cell and generating physically unclonable function (PUF) information generated by the at least one ring oscillator cell; a phase checking unit cross-checking phases for the multiple pieces of the PUF information that are output from the multiple PUF information generation units, respectively; and a secret key generation unit outputting secret key information based on a result of comparing the multiple phases received from the phase checking unit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for controlling transmit power, including: a global positioning system (GPS) receiving unit receiving GPS signals from one or more satellites and measuring signal strengths of the GPS signals; a processor calculating transmit power corresponding to a current position depending on the GPS signals according to a predefined command; a memory storing the command therein; and a communication interface transmitting a data signal including data depending on the transmit power.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of detecting a frame boundary by using a preamble are provided. The method includes delaying the preamble by a predetermined length of time, wherein the preamble includes an LTF and a code of the (n+1)th one of 2n sync sequences of the LTF is the inverse of a code of the last one of the sync sequences of STF; calculating a correlation value between the preamble and the delayed preamble; and detecting a frame boundary by comparing the correlation value with a threshold correlation value.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for controlling transmit power, including: a global positioning system (GPS) receiving unit receiving GPS signals from one or more satellites and measuring signal strengths of the GPS signals; a processor calculating transmit power corresponding to a current position depending on the GPS signals according to a predefined command; a memory storing the command therein; and a communication interface transmitting a data signal including data depending on the transmit power.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of forming a copper film on a Mo/SUS flexible substrate, which enables the copper film to be uniformly formed on the Mo/SUS flexible substrate in a short period of time by applying current and in which the copper film becomes thicker in proportion to an increase in a concentration of a copper precursor aqueous solution or in a current density.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a use of mutant haptoglobin having angiogenesis-promoting activity and, more particularly, to a mutant haptoglobin polypeptide, a recombinant vector containing a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide, or a composition for promoting angiogenesis containing, as an active ingredient, a transformant transformed with the recombinant vector. The mutant haptoglobin according to the present invention includes an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 in which the 143rd amino acid is substituted with an amino acid other than Arg. The mutant haptoglobin according to the present invention has excellent angiogenesis-promoting activity and excellent capillary-like tube formation capability as compared with wild-type haptoglobin, and promotes cell migration, and thus is useful as a therapeutic agent for treating diseases caused by non-angiogenesis.

Abstract: A method of generating a packet for low energy critical infrastructure monitoring (LECIM) wireless communication is provided. The method includes steps of generating a first bit string by multiplexing a physical layer header (PHR) bit and a physical layer service data unit (PSDU) bit; convolution encoding the first bit string; interleaving the convolution-encoded first bit string; generating a second bit string by multiplexing the interleaved first bit string with a synchronization header (SHR) bit; and modulating the second bit string with a frequency shift keying (FSK) method and a position-based FSK method.