Abstract: A sole data collection device and a sole data collection method are disclosed. The sole data collection device includes an image capture module, a temperature detection module and a monofilament testing module. The sole data collection device is used for collecting the sole data of a user, and the sole data is transmitted to a cloud server. The sole data collection device and the sole data collection method are not only convenient for a user to collect sole data at home at any time, but also allow the user's caregiver and/or relevant medical care personnel to extract the sole data from the cloud server to screen the user's plantar condition, so as to solve the problem that it is time-consuming and costly to go to a medical institution for relevant examinations.