Abstract: A method of operating a test in a test environment comprises running the test, detecting the generation of events during the test and for each detected event, populating one or more result buckets according to one or more validation routines. Each validation routine defines a result to add to a result bucket according to a characteristic of the detected event. Once the test is completed, or during the running of the test, one or more test scenarios are run against the result buckets, with each test scenario returning an outcome according to one or more algorithms processing the results in the result buckets. In a preferred embodiment, the populating of the one or more result buckets is according to validation routines that populate a matrix of result buckets, each result bucket being populated during a specific time period.

Abstract: In a headspace-sampling apparatus and method, use is made of a sampling body which defines a sample chamber, first passage means extending from said chamber, means for connecting said passage means to the entry end of a chromatography column held in operative position in a gas chromatograph, second passage means extending to said chamber, and means for connecting a source of gas to said second passage means. When the first-named connection means is connected to the column, a gas flow can be established within the body from the second named connection means through the said chamber to the entry end of the column, whereby a headspace sample of said substance is swept directly from said chamber on to an entry end region of said column, the headspace sample being cumulatively trapped at said region.