Abstract: In one embodiment, a composition containing ergothioneine and/or synthesized l-ergothioneine and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of vitamin B-12, glucosamine sulfate, calcium ascorbate, turmeric extract, black pepper extract, hyaluronic acid, collagen, glycosaminoglycans, cat's claw extract, acai berry; and white willow bark extract is provided to a mammal to improve a variety of health related factors, including but not limited to brain health, joint health, eye health, mitondchorial optimization/improvement and reduction of inflammation and pain in a mammal.