Abstract: Roller cone drill bits and methods of increasing the wear resistance of a roller cone drill bit are disclosed. The roller cone drill bit includes a plurality of rolling elements within a bearing assembly of a cone. Each rolling element of the plurality of rolling elements may have a surface hardness of HRC 59-63, a hardened depth that is 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm deep, and may be derived from a low carbon bearing steel material. The hardened depth is measured from the surface of each rolling element and the low carbon bearing steel material has, by weight percent, from 0.12% to 0.25% carbon.

Abstract: Roller cone drill bits and methods of increasing the wear resistance of a roller cone drill bit are disclosed. The roller cone drill bit includes a plurality of rolling elements within a bearing assembly of a cone. Each rolling element of the plurality of rolling elements may have a surface hardness of HRC 59-63, a hardened depth that is 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm deep, and may be derived from a low carbon bearing steel material. The hardened depth is measured from the surface of each rolling element and the low carbon bearing steel material has, by weight percent, from 0.12% to 0.25% carbon.

Abstract: A carburized steel component, comprising a steel base including, by weight percent, from 0.08% to 0.35% carbon, 0.5% to 1.3% manganese, 0% to 0.35% silicon, 0.2% to 2.0% chromium, 0% to 4% nickel, 0% to 0.50% molybdenum, 0% to 0.06% niobium, and a remaining weight percent of iron, and a carburized layer of above 0.35% by weight carbon from a surface of the carburized layer to a carburized layer depth, wherein the carburized layer depth is from 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, wherein the carburized layer comprises a microstructure including martensite, retained austenite, carbide, and less than 2% by volume non-martensitic transformation products (NMTP), and wherein the carburized layer includes a prior austenite average grain size of 3.0-8.0 microns from the surface to a depth of at least 0.2 mm.

Abstract: A carburized steel component, comprising a steel base including, by weight percent, from 0.08% to 0.35% carbon, 0.5% to 1.3% manganese, 0% to 0.35% silicon, 0.2% to 2.0% chromium, 0% to 4% nickel, 0% to 0.50% molybdenum, 0% to 0.06% niobium, and a remaining weight percent of iron, and a carburized layer of above 0.35% by weight carbon from a surface of the carburized layer to a carburized layer depth, wherein the carburized layer depth is from 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, wherein the carburized layer comprises a microstructure including martensite, retained austenite, carbide, and less than 2% by volume non-martensitic transformation products (NMTP), and wherein the carburized layer includes a prior austenite average grain size of 3.0-8.0 microns from the surface to a depth of at least 0.2 mm.

Abstract: A carburized steel component, comprising a steel base including, by weight percent, from 0.08% to 0.35% carbon, 0.5% to 1.3% manganese, 0% to 0.35% silicon, 0.2% to 2.0% chromium, 0% to 4% nickel, 0% to 0.50% molybdenum, 0% to 0.06% niobium, and a remaining weight percent of iron, and a carburized layer of above 0.35% by weight carbon from a surface of the carburized layer to a carburized layer depth, wherein the carburized layer depth is from 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, wherein the carburized layer comprises a microstructure including martensite, retained austenite, carbide, and less than 2% by volume non-martensitic transformation products (NMTP), and wherein the carburized layer includes a prior austenite average grain size of 3.0-8.0 microns from the surface to a depth of at least 0.2 mm.

Abstract: A carburized steel component, comprising a steel base including, by weight percent, from 0.08% to 0.35% carbon, 0.5% to 1.3% manganese, 0% to 0.35% silicon, 0.2% to 2.0% chromium, 0% to 4% nickel, 0% to 0.50% molybdenum, 0% to 0.06% niobium, and a remaining weight percent of iron, and a carburized layer of above 0.35% by weight carbon from a surface of the carburized layer to a carburized layer depth, wherein the carburized layer depth is from 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, wherein the carburized layer comprises a microstructure including martensite, retained austenite, carbide, and less than 2% by volume non-martensitic transformation products (NMTP), and wherein the carburized layer includes a prior austenite average grain size of 3.0-8.0 microns from the surface to a depth of at least 0.2 mm.

Abstract: A disclosure is directed to a method for rapidly nitriding steel, the method including: placing the steel in a furnace having an atmosphere comprising partially dissociated ammonia gas; heating the steel to a highest temperature in a range of 400 to 600° C. while holding a nitriding potential below 15 atm?1/2 during heat-up from 400° C. up to the highest temperature; and holding the steel at the highest temperature while continuing to maintain the nitriding potential below 15 atm?1/2, where a total time taken for the heating and holding the steel in the range of 400 to 600° C. during the nitriding is 15 hours or less, and where a composition of the steel comprises at least one of the group consisting of Al, Cr, Mo, V, and Ti.

Abstract: A disclosure is directed to a method for rapidly nitriding steel, the method including: placing the steel in a furnace having an atmosphere comprising partially dissociated ammonia gas; heating the steel to a highest temperature in a range of 400 to 600° C. while holding a nitriding potential below 15 atm?1/2 during heat-up from 400° C. up to the highest temperature; and holding the steel at the highest temperature while continuing to maintain the nitriding potential below 15 atm?1/2, where a total time taken for the heating and holding the steel in the range of 400 to 600° C. during the nitriding is 15 hours or less, and where a composition of the steel comprises at least one of the group consisting of Al, Cr, Mo, V, and Ti.