Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for using the guarded heat flow meter technique are provided. The apparatuses use the guarded heat flow meter method to measure the thermal conductivity of solid materials in the temperature range of about ambient to 300° C. The material being tested is compressed between two plates with a controlled temperature difference. The thermal conductivity of the material is calculated by measuring the heat flux through a reference sample in series with the material under test. The apparatuses and methods comprise mechanical mechanisms for stack and guard movements and methods of stack compression and measurement for the testing.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for using the guarded heat flow meter technique are provided. The apparatuses use the guarded heat flow meter method to measure the thermal conductivity of solid materials in the temperature range of about ambient to 300° C. The material being tested is compressed between two plates with a controlled temperature difference. The thermal conductivity of the material is calculated by measuring the heat flux through a reference sample in series with the material under test. The apparatuses and methods comprise mechanical mechanisms for stack and guard movements and methods of stack compression and measurement for the testing.

Abstract: An attack tool for degrading materials is disclosed which comprises a base segment comprising an attachment to a driving mechanism, a first wear-resistant segment bonded to the base segment, a second wear-resistant segment bonded to the first wear-resistant segment at a brazed joint opposite the base segment, and at least a portion of exterior surfaces of both the wear-resistant segments proximate the joint, the portion of exterior surfaces comprising a finish ground surface.

Abstract: In one aspect of the invention, a wear-resistant tool is disclosed which may comprise first and second cemented metal carbide segments chemically bonded together at an interface. The first segment may comprise a first coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) at least at its interfacial surface and the second segment may comprise a second CTE at least at its interfacial surface less than the CTE of the first segment. The first segment may further comprise a cross-sectional thickness substantially equal to or greater than a cross-sectional thickness of the second segment at the interface.

Abstract: In one aspect of the invention, a wear-resistant tool is disclosed which may comprise first and second cemented metal carbide segments chemically bonded together at an interface. The first segment may comprise a first coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) at least at its interfacial surface and the second segment may comprise a second CTE at least at its interfacial surface less than the CTE of the first segment. The first segment may further comprise a cross-sectional thickness substantially equal to or greater than a cross-sectional thickness of the second segment at the interface.

Abstract: An attack tool for degrading materials is disclosed which comprises a base segment comprising an attachment to a driving mechanism, a first wear-resistant segment bonded to the base segment, a second wear-resistant segment bonded to the first wear-resistant segment at a brazed joint opposite the base segment, and an outer diameter of both the wear-resistant segments proximate the joint comprising a finish ground surface.