Abstract: Described herein are systems, methods, and software to manage virtual local area network (VLANs) over multiple data centers. In one example, a method of managing a gateway at a first data center includes receiving, at a local manager, configuration information for a VLAN segment and a global VLAN segment identifier from a global manager of the data centers. The method further includes generating a global policy engine (GPE) data structure that associates the global VLAN segment identifier with a virtual network identifier (VNI) for the first data center and one or more policy rules, wherein the policy rules are derived from IP address prefix information provided from a second gateway, such as an edge gateway.

Abstract: A geographic information system digitally watermarks by modifying pixels from a source image with additional spatial and non-spatial information for a destination image. When an image is digitally watermarked, the pixels of the image are modified to include an embedded redundant pattern that is imperceptible to viewers of the image. The redundant pattern of changes from the “digital watermark” can be converted back into a payload containing meaningful data, and in some examples into unique identifiers. The payload is arranged to link the image to additional information such as copyright information, geospatial data, and related applications and services. Since the payload is embedded within the pixels of the image, no additional storage space is required, and the information is arranged to survive various image manipulations that might be employed by a user such as: translation of image formats, rotation, scaling, cropping, printing and scanning, and many other image processes.