Abstract: Systems and methods use deep, convolutional neural networks over exponentially long history windows to learn alphabets for context tree weighting (CTW) for prediction. Known issues of depth and breadth in conventional context tree weighting predictions are addressed by the systems and methods. To deal with depth, the history can be broken into time windows, permitting the ability to look exponentially far back while having less information the further one looks back. To deal with breadth, a deep neural network classifier can be used to learn to map arbitrary length histories to a small output symbol alphabet. The sequence of symbols produced by such a classifier over the history windows would then become the input sequence to CTW.

Abstract: Systems and methods use deep, convolutional neural networks over exponentially long history windows to learn alphabets for context tree weighting (CTW) for prediction. Known issues of depth and breadth in conventional context tree weighting predictions are addressed by the systems and methods. To deal with depth, the history can be broken into time windows, permitting the ability to look exponentially far back while having less information the further one looks back. To deal with breadth, a deep neural network classifier can be used to learn to map arbitrary length histories to a small output symbol alphabet. The sequence of symbols produced by such a classifier over the history windows would then become the input sequence to CTW.

Abstract: A method of treating wastewater sources such as sewer systems or those from pulp and paper mills which contain biomass waste involves adding white rot fungi in the presence of glucose. While glucose may be directly added to the wastewater source, it has been found to be more economical to reduce or substantially remove color from the wastewater by additionally adding brown rot fungi in the presence of cellulose and hemi-cellulose. The addition of bacteria has also been found helpful to improve the reduction in color, biological oxygen demand, as well as chemical oxygen demand in wastewater sludge reduction.

Abstract: A method of treating wastewater sources such as those from pulp and paper mills which contain lignin involves adding white rot fungi in the presence of glucose. While glucose may be directly added to the wastewater source, it has been found to be more economical to reduce or substantially remove color from the wastewater by additionally adding brown rot fungi in the presence of cellulose and hemi-cellulose. The addition of bacteria has also been found helpful to improve the reduction in color, biological oxygen demand, as well as chemical oxygen demand in wastewater.

Abstract: A container arrangement including a box, a removable lid, a hinge connecting the lid and the box, and a latch mechanism. The hinge construction can be spring-biased. There can be a removable tubular sleeve around the box and lid. The sleeve can include a tab in extension therefrom defining a hanghole for display purposes. Methods for storage and use include using arrangements of this type. The container arrangement can hold a variety of items, for example, gaming items, in particular, dice.

Abstract: A portable, self-contained identification system comprises a base, a removable lid operatively and sealingly engageable with the base, whereby the removable lid and the base cooperate to form a sealed enclosure when the removable lid is engaged with the base. A recording device has a record microphone and a record switch and the playback device has a speaker and a playback switch. The recording switch is manually actuated to record the message and a playback switch is actuated by the depression and the release of the playback button, such that the playback switch is automatically actuated by removal of the removable lid to playback the message.

Abstract: A portable, self-contained identification system comprises a base, a removable lid operatively and sealingly engageable with the base, whereby the removable lid and the base cooperate to form a sealed enclosure when the removable lid is engaged with the base. A recording device has a record microphone and a record switch and the playback device has a speaker and a playback switch. The recording switch is manually actuated to record the message and a playback switch is actuated by the depression and the release of the playback button, such that the playback switch is automatically actuated by removal of the removable lid to playback the message.

Abstract: A vessel such as a dairy pasteuriser having a path B for product and a separate path A for coolant in intimate relationship is tested for leaks by circulating a donor fluid under pressure in path A whilst a recipient fluid such as clean tap water is circulated in path B. If the donor fluid is an electrolyte, a probe 12 is placed in path B to measure the conductivity of the recipient fluid. A rise in conductivity over a period indicates leakage between the two paths, the rate of change indicating the size of the leak. Alternatively, the donor fluid can be a gas, and leakage detected using an untrasound probe.

Abstract: A vessel such as a dairy pasteuriser having a path B for product and a separate path A for coolant in intimate relationship is tested for leaks by circulating a donor fluid under pressure in path A whilst a recipient fluid such as clean tap water is circulated in path B. The donor fluid is a gas, and leakage is detected using an ultrasound probe.

Abstract: A vessel such as a dairy pasteuriser having a path B for product and a separate path A for coolant in intimate relationship is tested for leaks by circulating a donor fluid under pressure in path A whilst a recipient fluid such as clean tap water is circulated in path B. If the donor fluid is an electrolyte, a probe (12) is placed in path B to measure the conductivity of the recipient fluid. A rise in conductivity over a period indicates leakage between the two paths, the rate of change indicating the size of the leak. Alternatively, the donor fluid can be a gas, and leakage detected using an untrasound probe.