Abstract: This invention features a method of identifying a compound useful for enhancing efficacy of a therapeutic agent. The method includes incubating a compound in blood cells; separating immune cells from erythrocytic cells; and determining the ratio of the concentration of the compound in the immune cells to the concentration of the compound in the erythrocytic cells; wherein the compound comprises a transportophore and a therapeutic agent, in which the transportophore is covalently bonded to the therapeutic agent via a bond or a linker.

Abstract: This invention features a compound of the following formula (I): wherein T is a transportophore, L is a bond or linker, and C is an antibiotic therapeutic agent, the transportophore is covalently bonded to the antibiotic therapeutic agent via the bond or the linker, and the transportophore is an azithromycin derivative or crown ether derivative.

Abstract: Acetolactate synthase inhibitors, such as imazapyr and pyrithiobac and mixtures thereof, prepared as slow-release formulations are useful for the preparation of seed dressing, seed priming, seed or particle-substrate coating herbicidal compositions for control of parasitic weeds such as Orobanche spp., Striga spp. and Alectra spp. The use of agrochemicals can be rendered more efficient when coated or bound as a slow release formulation. Particles used as the substrateto be coated may be plant seeds or particles made of a strong or weak ionic resin or a biodegradable carbohydrate natural polymer, a modified polymer, or artificially lignified cellulose. The herbicidal formulation may be covalently linked or adsorbed to the surface of the particle. The same slow release formulations are invaluable for preventing rapid herbicide leaching in agricultural as well as non-agricultural weed control situations.

Abstract: This invention features a compound of the following formula: T-(-L-C)m, T is a transportophore, L is a bond or a linker having a molecular weight up to 240 dalton, C is a non-antibiotic therapeutic agent, and m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, in which the transportophore has an immune selectivity ratio of at least 2, the transportophore is covalently bonded to the non-antibiotic therapeutic agent via the bond or the linker, and the compound has an immune selectivity ratio of at least 2.

Abstract: This invention features a compound of the following formula:

Abstract: This invention features a compound of the following formula:

Abstract: This invention features a compound of the following formula: 1

Abstract: This invention features a method of identifying a compound useful for enhancing efficacy of a therapeutic agent. The method includes incubating a compound in blood cells; separating immune cells from erythrocytic cells; and determining the ratio of the concentration of the compound in the immune cells to the concentration of the compound in the erythrocytic cells; wherein the compound comprises a transportophore and a therapeutic agent, in which the transportophore is covalently bonded to the therapeutic agent via a bond or a linker.

Abstract: A full length choline monooxygenase (CMO) cDNA was cloned from spinach and used to transform plants which do not naturally express CMO. A method is presented to improve stress tolerance of crops following engineering of CMO and BADH in plants that lack glycine betaine accumulation. Also provided are fragments useful as probes to isolate other CMO-type genes, and antisense sequences which inhibit the production of CMO. Reduction of glycine betaine as a consequence of antisense expression of CMO in species naturally accumulating glycine betaine, improves the transgenic plant's tolerance toward pathogens and pests and/or enhances its nutritional quality.