Abstract: Hypervalent silane and siloxane reagents (preformed or generated in situ) for transmetalation in palladium catalyzed reactions with derivatives of allylic alcohols, aryl halides, electron-withdrawing aryl bromides, and aryl triflates derived from phenols are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of preparing glycosyl azides by reaction of an azide with a silyl ester in the presence of a phoshine.

Abstract: A tamper evident cap designed for threading onto a container by conventional bottle capping machinery. The cap includes a first set of spaced-apart lugs for engaging a second set of spaced-apart lugs of a container. The lugs of the cap and the lugs of the container neck are constructed to slide relative to each other upon threading of the cap onto the container while engaging each other to prevent unthreading of the cap from the container. The container neck is especially suited for glass bottles which must be blow molded. The cap includes a first skirt portion and a separable strip, and may include a second skirt portion that remains on the container neck after the separable strip has been removed. The gap between the skirt portions left by removing the separable strip indicates that the cap has been tampered with.

Abstract: A tamper proof cap for use on container having a threaded neck. The cap includes a top portion, an annular skirt portion depending from the top portion and a separable strip depending from the bottom of the skirt portion. The boundary between the skirt portion and separable strips is defined by a line weakness. The skirt portion has internal threads that complement threads on an upper portion of the container neck. A portion of the separable strip has internal teeth that engage notches on a lower portion of the container neck. At the end of the strip is a tab which is grasped and pulled to sever the strip from the skirt along the line of weakness, thereby allowing the skirt portion to be unthreaded. The teeth of the strip and the container notches are constructed to allow the teeth to slide past the notches upon rotation of the cap in clockwise threading direction while causing the teeth to engage the notches to prevent rotation of the cap in a counterclockwise unthreading direction.