Abstract: A monolithically integrated dual-wavelength laser comprises at least three coupled Fabry-Perot cavities in tandem, each separated by a vertically etched air gap of a size that is substantially equal to an odd-integer multiple of quarter-wavelength. The first two cavities are of substantially comparable lengths and are actively pumped to provide gains to the combined cavity laser, and to produce a series of double-peaked lasing modes. The other cavity has a substantially smaller length and acts as an optical filter to select one of the doublets of the combined cavity as the lasing modes. The beating between the two modes of the dual-wavelength laser at a photodetector produces a microwave carrier signal whose frequency can be tuned by adjusting the balance of the injected currents between the two active cavities.

Abstract: An optical signal deflector comprising an optical signal waveguide formed of plural layers of optically non-linear semiconductor material, apparatus for launching a first optical signal in the waveguide in a first direction which is parallel to the layers, apparatus for applying a second optical signal to the waveguide in a second direction parallel to the layers but at an angle to the first direction, the thickness and indexes of refraction of the layers being predetermined to cause non-linear field contributions of the signals to add in phase in the far field, whereby a third optical signal is obtained having an angle of emission which is the three dimensional vector addition, at a harmonic sum frequency, of the first and second signals.