Abstract: This document discloses system, method, and computer program product embodiments for operating an autonomous vehicle (AV). For example, the method includes performing the following operations by a muxing tool when AV is deployed within a particular geographic area in a real-world environment: receiving perception data that is representative of at least one actual object which is perceived while AV is deployed within the particular geographic area in a real-world environment; receiving simulation data that represents a simulated object that could be perceived by AV in the real-world environment and that was generated using a simulation scenario which is selected from a plurality of simulation scenarios based on at least one of the particular geographic area in which AV is currently located and a current operational state of AV; and generating augmented perception data by combining the simulation data with the perception data.

Abstract: A system comprises a user control system including an input control device for controlling motion of a virtual medical instrument through a virtual passageway. The system further comprises a display for displaying a graphical user interface and a plurality of training modules. The graphical user interface includes a representation of the virtual medical instrument and a representation of the virtual passageway. The system further comprises a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium that stores a plurality of instructions executable by one or more computer processors. The instructions for performing operations comprise navigating the virtual medical instrument through the virtual passageway based on commands received from the user control system and evaluating one or more performance metrics for tracking the navigation of the virtual medical instrument through the virtual passageway.

Abstract: This document describes methods by which an autonomous vehicle deploys a simulation scenario while operating in a real-world environment. The vehicle's sensors collect perception data. During a run of the vehicle in a real-world environment, the vehicle's on-board computing system will: (i) receive the perception data; (ii) publish the perception data to a muxing tool of the on-board computing system; (iii) generate simulation data that identifies and labels one or more simulated objects in the environment; (iv) publish the simulation data to the muxing tool; (v) use the muxing tool to add at least a portion of the simulation data to the perception data to yield augmented perception data; and (v) use at least a portion of the augmented perception data to make one or more navigation decisions based for the autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: A system of creating a simulation scenario definition to simulate behavior of an autonomous vehicle includes a computing device and a computer-readable storage medium having one or more programming instructions. The system identifies an event on which a simulation scenario definition is to be based, identifies one or more log files associated with the event, parses the one or more log files in a time-sequential order and populates the simulation scenario definition with information from the identified log files until an event trigger is detected, identifies an actor from one or more of the log files, infer a shape of the actor, generates one or more simulated tracks that includes the inferred shape for the actor, and adds the simulated tracks to the simulation scenario definition.

Abstract: This document discloses system, method, and computer program product embodiments for operating an autonomous vehicle (AV). For example, the method includes performing the following operations by a muxing tool when AV is deployed within a particular geographic area in a real-world environment: receiving perception data that is representative of at least one actual object which is perceived while AV is deployed within the particular geographic area in a real-world environment; receiving simulation data that represents a simulated object that could be perceived by AV in the real-world environment and that was generated using a simulation scenario which is selected from a plurality of simulation scenarios based on at least one of the particular geographic area in which AV is currently located and a current operational state of AV; and generating augmented perception data by combining the simulation data with the perception data.

Abstract: Systems and methods for map quality assurance and/or vehicle control. The methods comprise: generating, by the computing device, a plurality of simulation routes for a vehicle to traverse in a map; simulating, by the computing device, operations of the vehicle along each route of the plurality of simulation routes in the map; analyzing, by the computing device, results from the simulating to validate whether or not a quality of the map is validated; causing, by the computing device, the map to be used to control autonomous or semi-autonomous operations of the vehicle, when a determination is made that the quality of the map is validated; and performing a given operation other than said causing, when a determination is made that the quality of the map is not validated.

Abstract: A system of creating a simulation to simulate behavior of an autonomous vehicle includes a simulation system having an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium having one or more programming instructions. When executed, the one or more programming instructions cause the electronic device to identify an event that is to be analyzed, receive from an autonomous vehicle system a first data stream that includes event information from one or more vehicle event log files that corresponds to the event, receive from a vehicle dynamics model a second data stream that includes synthetic event information that corresponds to the event, until a switch point is detected operate in a pure log execution stage, upon detection of the switch point operate in a play-forward execution stage, and cause the new simulation to be executed.

Abstract: This document describes methods by which an autonomous vehicle deploys a simulation scenario while operating in a real-world environment. The vehicle's sensors collect perception data. During a run of the vehicle in a real-world environment, the vehicle's on-board computing system will: (i) receive the perception data; (ii) publish the perception data to a muxing tool of the on-board computing system; (iii) generate simulation data that identifies and labels one or more simulated objects in the environment; (iv) publish the simulation data to the muxing tool; (v) use the muxing tool to add at least a portion of the simulation data to the perception data to yield augmented perception data; and (v) use at least a portion of the augmented perception data to make one or more navigation decisions based for the autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: A method for passing photovoltaic current between a subcell formed from a single crystal Group ll-VI semiconductor material and a subcell formed from a single crystal Group IV semiconductor material, includes the steps of forming a first subcell by an epitaxial growth process, the first subcell having a first upper surface; forming a tunnel heterojunction between the first subcell and the second subcell, and tunneling carriers formed by light incident on the first and second subcells through the tunnel heterojunction, thereby permitting a photoelectric series current to flow through the first and second subcells.

Abstract: A system of creating a simulation to simulate behavior of an autonomous vehicle includes a simulation system having an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium having one or more programming instructions. When executed, the one or more programming instructions cause the electronic device to identify an event that is to be analyzed, receive from an autonomous vehicle system a first data stream that includes event information from one or more vehicle event log files that corresponds to the event, receive from a vehicle dynamics model a second data stream that includes synthetic event information that corresponds to the event, until a switch point is detected operate in a pure log execution stage, upon detection of the switch point operate in a play-forward execution stage, and cause the new simulation to be executed.

Abstract: A system of creating a simulation scenario definition to simulate behavior of an autonomous vehicle includes a computing device and a computer-readable storage medium having one or more programming instructions. The system identifies an event on which a simulation scenario definition is to be based, identifies one or more log files associated with the event, parses the one or more log files in a time-sequential order and populates the simulation scenario definition with information from the identified log files until an event trigger is detected, identifies an actor from one or more of the log files, infer a shape of the actor, generates one or more simulated tracks that includes the inferred shape for the actor, and adds the simulated tracks to the simulation scenario definition.

Abstract: A multi-color light detector includes a first photodiode. The light detector further includes a second photodiode stacked on the first photodiode and defining a via. The light detector further includes a first conductor extending through the via, contacting the first photodiode, and designed to transmit a first signal corresponding to a first light detected by the first photodiode. The light detector further includes a second conductor contacting the second photodiode and designed to transmit a second signal corresponding to a second light detected by the second photodiode.

Abstract: A multi-color light detector includes a first photodiode. The light detector further includes a second photodiode stacked on the first photodiode and defining a via. The light detector further includes a first conductor extending through the via, contacting the first photodiode, and designed to transmit a first signal corresponding to a first light detected by the first photodiode. The light detector further includes a second conductor contacting the second photodiode and designed to transmit a second signal corresponding to a second light detected by the second photodiode.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell comprises a first subcell formed of a Group IV semiconductor material, a second subcell formed of a Group II-VI semiconductor material, and a tunnel heterojunction interposed between the first and second subcells. A first side of the tunnel heterojunction is formed by a first layer that is adjacent to a top surface of the first subcell. The first layer is of a first conductivity type, is comprised of a highly doped Group IV semiconductor material. The other side of the tunnel heterojunction is formed by a second layer that adjoins the lower surface of the second subcell. The second layer is of a second conductivity type opposite the first conductivity type, and is comprised of a highly doped Group II-VI semiconductor material. The tunnel heterojunction permits photoelectric series current to flow through the subcells.

Abstract: A lateral junction liner system may include a liner sleeve proximate to a junction between a lateral bore and a main bore of a well. The liner sleeve may be movable between a first position and a second position. The liner sleeve may separate an upper section of the main bore from a lower section of the main bore while in the first position. The lateral junction liner may further include a liner positioned at least partially within the lateral bore and in contact with the liner sleeve. The lateral junction liner system may also include a lock mechanism attached to the liner sleeve that, when enabled, retains the liner sleeve in the first position and that, when disabled, enables selective displacement of the liner sleeve from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A mechanically-set packer system for use in a wellbore may include a packer assembly. The packer assembly may include a first ring and a second ring. The packer assembly may also include a packing element positioned between the first ring and the second ring. The packer system may include a mandrel having an interior and an exterior. The packer assembly may be configured to slide onto the exterior of the mandrel. The packer system may further include a line configured to run between the exterior of the mandrel and an interior of the packing element.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell comprises a first subcell formed of a Group IV semiconductor material, a second subcell formed of a Group II-VI semiconductor material, and a tunnel heterojunction interposed between the first and second subcells. A first side of the tunnel heterojunction is formed by a first layer that is adjacent to a top surface of the first subcell. The first layer is of a first conductivity type, is comprised of a highly doped Group IV semiconductor material. The other side of the tunnel heterojunction is formed by a second layer that adjoins the lower surface of the second subcell. The second layer is of a second conductivity type opposite the first conductivity type, and is comprised of a highly doped Group II-VI semiconductor material. The tunnel heterojunction permits photoelectric series current to flow through the subcells.

Abstract: A mechanically-set packer system for use in a wellbore environment may include a mandrel having an interior and an exterior. The system may further include a packing element positioned along the exterior of the mandrel. The system may also include a line positioned between the exterior of the mandrel and an interior of the packing element.

Abstract: A mechanically-set packer system for use in a wellbore may include a packer assembly. The packer assembly may include a first ring and a second ring. The packer assembly may also include a packing element positioned between the first ring and the second ring. The packer system may include a mandrel having an interior and an exterior. The packer assembly may be configured to slide onto the exterior of the mandrel. The packer system may further include a line configured to run between the exterior of the mandrel and an interior of the packing element.

Abstract: A mechanically-set packer system for use in a wellbore environment may include a mandrel having an interior and an exterior. The system may further include a packing element positioned along the exterior of the mandrel. The system may also include a line positioned between the exterior of the mandrel and an interior of the packing element.