Abstract: A subpack enclosure is a pressure vessel controlling cell thermal runaway products with a metallic layer, thermal insulation, and a flame liner between side walls and cell vents. Optional crush and blast ablative layers can absorb thermal runaway ejecta energy. A vent gap directs ejecta to a headspace and a front end burst plate that ruptures at a threshold pressure. A capture plate retains the burst plate against a support plate of the front end wall. Back end passthrough assemblies include mating parts engaging inner and outer surfaces of the end wall, sealing passthrough cutouts and can include gaskets.

Abstract: A battery module with a cooling plate and a firewall. Battery modules may include a firewall located proximal to the plurality of battery cells and configured to absorb heat from the battery cells. The firewall may include a stack of materials. A battery module may include a cooling plate between rows of battery cells configured to cool the battery cells.

Abstract: A battery module with a cooling plate and a firewall. Battery modules may include a firewall located proximal to the plurality of battery cells and configured to absorb heat from the battery cells. The firewall may include a stack of materials. A battery module may include a cooling plate between rows of battery cells configured to cool the battery cells.

Abstract: Provided in this disclosure is a battery module with a cooling plate and a firewall. Battery modules may include a firewall located proximal to the plurality of battery cells and configured to absorb heat from the battery cells. Firewall may include a stack of materials. Battery module may include a cooling plate between rows of battery cells configured to cool the battery cells.