Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for authenticating communications between a user computer and a server via a data communications network. A security device has memory containing security data, and security logic to use the security data to generate an authentication response to an authentication message received from the server in use. An interface device communicates with the security device. The interface device has a receiver for receiving from the user computer an authentication output containing the authentication message sent by the server to the user computer in use, and interface logic adapted to extract the authentication message from the authentication output and to send the authentication message to the security device. Includes a communications interface for connecting to the server via a communications channel bypassing the user computer. Either the security device or interface device sends the authentication response to the server via the communications channel bypassing the user computer.

Abstract: A computer method, computer system, and article for enabling digital signature auditing. The method includes the steps of: receiving at least one signature request issued by at least one application, forwarding a first data corresponding to the received at least one signature request to at least one signing entity for subsequent signature of the first data, storing an updated system state that is computed using a function of: i) a reference system state and ii) a second data corresponding to the received at least one signature request, where the reference system state and the updated system state attest to the at least one signature request, and repeating the above steps, using the updated system state as a new reference system state, where the steps of the method are executed at a server of a computerized system.

Abstract: A computer method, computer system, and article for enabling digital signature auditing. The method includes the steps of: receiving at least one signature request issued by at least one application, forwarding a first data corresponding to the received at least one signature request to at least one signing entity for subsequent signature of the first data, storing an updated system state that is computed using a function of: i) a reference system state and ii) a second data corresponding to the received at least one signature request, where the reference system state and the updated system state attest to the at least one signature request, and repeating the above steps, using the updated system state as a new reference system state, where the steps of the method are executed at a server of a computerized system.

Abstract: A method of decoding a two-dimensional enhanced-density barcode. A first and a second barcode are encoded in the enhanced-density barcode. The enhanced-density barcode includes a set of blocks. Each block includes a predefined number of sub-pixels. The blocks of the enhanced-density barcode being arranged relatively to each other in a geometrical lattice having a first and a second lattice direction. The method includes the steps of distorting of the enhanced-density barcode in the first lattice direction, resulting in a first distorted barcode, distorting of the enhanced-density barcode in the second lattice direction, resulting in a second distorted barcode, reconstructing the first barcode by low-pass filtering the first distorted barcode, reconstructing the second barcode by low-pass filtering the second distorted barcode.

Abstract: An apparatus for reading a multi-modal barcode is provided. The apparatus includes a camera, an edge detector, wherein the edge detector comprises a filter to read a secondary image, a quantization component, and a barcode processor.

Abstract: An apparatus for reading a multi-modal barcode is provided. The apparatus includes a camera, an edge detector, wherein the edge detector comprises a filter to read a secondary image, a quantization component, and a barcode processor. Also provided is a multi-modal barcode including a single-dimensional grayscale structure, wherein the structure is stretched in a perpendicular direction to its single-directional axis.

Abstract: A computer method, computer system, and article for enabling digital signature auditing. The method includes the steps of: receiving at least one signature request issued by at least one application, forwarding a first data corresponding to the received at least one signature request to at least one signing entity for subsequent signature of the first data, storing an updated system state that is computed using a function of: i) a reference system state and ii) a second data corresponding to the received at least one signature request, where the reference system state and the updated system state attest to the at least one signature request, and repeating the above steps, using the updated system state as a new reference system state, where the steps of the method are executed at a server of a computerized system.

Abstract: A method of decoding a two-dimensional enhanced-density barcode. A first and a second barcode are encoded in the enhanced-density barcode. The enhanced-density barcode includes a set of blocks. Each block includes a predefined number of sub-pixels. The blocks of the enhanced-density barcode being arranged relatively to each other in a geometrical lattice having a first and a second lattice direction. The method includes the steps of distorting of the enhanced-density barcode in the first lattice direction, resulting in a first distorted barcode, distorting of the enhanced-density barcode in the second lattice direction, resulting in a second distorted barcode, reconstructing the first barcode by low-pass filtering the first distorted barcode, reconstructing the second barcode by low-pass filtering the second distorted barcode.

Abstract: An apparatus for reading a multi-modal barcode is provided. The apparatus includes a camera, an edge detector, wherein the edge detector comprises a filter to read a secondary image, a quantization component, and a barcode processor. Also provided is a multi-modal barcode including a single-dimensional grayscale structure, wherein the structure is stretched in a perpendicular direction to its single-directional axis.

Abstract: Techniques for decoding a multi-modal barcode are provided. The techniques include scanning a multi-modal barcode into a grayscale image, applying a threshold to quantize the grayscale image into a monochrome image, passing the monochrome image to 1D barcode recovery to reconstruct a primary barcode, applying a horizontally-oriented edge detector to the grayscale image to quantize grayscale into monochrome, passing the monochrome image to a 1D barcode recovery process to reconstruct a secondary barcode to decode the multi-modal barcode.

Abstract: A computer method, computer system, and article for enabling digital signature auditing. The method includes the steps of: receiving at least one signature request issued by at least one application, forwarding a first data corresponding to the received at least one signature request to at least one signing entity for subsequent signature of the first data, storing an updated system state that is computed using a function of: i) a reference system state and ii) a second data corresponding to the received at least one signature request, where the reference system state and the updated system state attest to the at least one signature request, and repeating the above steps, using the updated system state as a new reference system state, where the steps of the method are executed at a server of a computerized system.

Abstract: A method of decoding a two-dimensional enhanced-density barcode. A first and a second barcode are encoded in the enhanced-density barcode. The enhanced-density barcode includes a set of blocks. Each block includes a predefined number of sub-pixels. The blocks of the enhanced-density barcode being arranged relatively to each other in a geometrical lattice having a first and a second lattice direction. The method includes the steps of distorting of the enhanced-density barcode in the first lattice direction, resulting in a first distorted barcode, distorting of the enhanced-density barcode in the second lattice direction, resulting in a second distorted barcode, reconstructing the first barcode by low-pass filtering the first distorted barcode, reconstructing the second barcode by low-pass filtering the second distorted barcode.

Abstract: Techniques for creating a multi-modal one-dimensional (1D) barcode are provided. The techniques include obtaining N one-dimensional (1D) barcode images, wherein N 1D barcode images comprise two or more 1D barcode images, placing the N 1D barcode images with a horizontal displacement of 1/N barcode units, and combining the N 1D barcode images with the displacement to create a multi-modal 1D barcode. Techniques for decoding a multi-modal barcode are also provided herein.

Abstract: Techniques for creating an identity document are provided. The techniques include obtaining two or more identity-linked images, deriving one or more at least partially transparent regions from one of the two or more identity-linked images, combining the two or more identity-linked images to create a combined image, and embedding authentication data into the combined image, inside the one or more at least partially transparent regions, to create an identity document.

Abstract: Techniques for decoding a multi-modal barcode are provided. The techniques include scanning a multi-modal barcode into a grayscale image, applying a threshold to quantize the grayscale image into a monochrome image, passing the monochrome image to 1D barcode recovery to reconstruct a primary barcode, applying a horizontally-oriented edge detector to the grayscale image to quantize grayscale into monochrome, passing the monochrome image to a 1D barcode recovery process to reconstruct a secondary barcode to decode the multi-modal barcode.

Abstract: A color-based content encoding system is provided that includes providing a color-containing image from an electronic device display including a fixed pixel grid, wherein the color-containing image includes a plurality of color pixels on the fixed pixel grid, each of the color pixels having sub-pixels correlating to encoded binary data; reading the color-containing image with a scanner; and decoding the encoded binary data. In one embodiment, the plurality of sub-pixels includes three sub-pixels, wherein each sub-pixel of the three sub-pixels corresponds to a binary data value of “1” or “0”.

Abstract: Techniques for creating a multi-modal one-dimensional (1D) barcode are provided. The techniques include obtaining N one-dimensional (1D) barcode images, wherein N 1D barcode images comprise two or more 1D barcode images, placing the N 1D barcode images with a horizontal displacement of 1/N barcode units, and combining the N 1D barcode images with the displacement to create a multi-modal 1D barcode. Techniques for decoding a multi-modal barcode are also provided herein.

Abstract: Techniques for creating an identity document are provided. The techniques include obtaining two or more identity-linked images, deriving one or more at least partially transparent regions from one of the two or more identity-linked images, combining the two or more identity-linked images to create a combined image, and embedding authentication data into the combined image, inside the one or more at least partially transparent regions, to create an identity document.

Abstract: A color-based content encoding system is provided that includes providing a color-containing image from an electronic device display including a fixed pixel grid, wherein the color-containing image includes a plurality of color pixels on the fixed pixel grid, each of the color pixels having sub-pixels correlating to encoded binary data; reading the color-containing image with a scanner; and decoding the encoded binary data. In one embodiment, the plurality of sub-pixels includes three sub-pixels, wherein each sub-pixel of the three sub-pixels corresponds to a binary data value of “1” or “0”.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for authenticating communications between a user computer and a server via a data communications network. A security device has memory containing security data, and security logic to use the security data to generate an authentication response to an authentication message received from the server in use. An interface device communicates with the security device. The interface device has a receiver for receiving from the user computer an authentication output containing the authentication message sent by the server to the user computer in use, and interface logic adapted to extract the authentication message from the authentication output and to send the authentication message to the security device. Includes a communications interface for connecting to the server via a communications channel bypassing the user computer. Either the security device or interface device sends the authentication response to the server via the communications channel bypassing the user computer.